“…ASI is based on three -subindices (environment, economic, social), which, in turn, are divided into ten components (Water Quality, Air Quality, Soil Quality, Biodiversity, Land Use, Food Production, Organic Farming, Value Added, Labor and Knowledge, and Nutrition and Health) consisting of a large number of indicators [44]. In terms of composite indices, distinctions can be observed, with certain indices designed for specific regional scopes [38], particular states [39,40], or spanning multiple nations [81][82][83][84]88] To achieve the objectives outlined in our study, we constructed Agricultural Sustainability Indices (ASIs) for a cohort of 108 countries. This selection aligns with the constraints imposed by available statistical databases, recognizing the unavailability of comprehensive data for certain indicators across a set of countries.…”