A Comprehensive Analysis and Assessment of Vitamin D with Inflammatory Biomarkers Levels Among Acute COVID-19 Infected Patients

Abstract

HE coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is only one of several zoonotic illnesses that have caused epidemics over the years that have killed millions of people over the course of millennia. This study included 88 patients with acute COVID-19 infection from Egypt. They were classified in to 3 groups with mild, moderate, and severe COVID-19 manifestation. Patients subjected to full history taking and clinical examination, CT scans of the chest, PCR test for Covid19 and blood sampling for vitamin D and Comprehensive inflammatory markers analysis. The present study reported statistically significant increase of age, dyspnea and respiratory rate (p <0.05) in sever infected groups than mild or moderate groups of COVID-19 patients. Moreover, the primary analysis outcome was significantly associated mortality with reduced hemoglobin levels and elevated values of white blood cells, platelets, D-dimer, LDH, ferritin, blood urea and increased Prothrombin Time (p <0.05). However, insignificant statistical difference was found between the measured serum levels of Vitamin D in patients who recovered from those who died (96.58-± 38.34 vs 100.75 ± 80.62). This study concluded that COVID-19 severity correlates with multiple inflammatory biomarkers and coagulation factors. While the evidence concerning the therapeutic effect of vitamin D on the outcomes of acute respiratory infections is still controversial but a causal link between level of Vitamin D and the risk of COVID-19 severity and mortality not entirely excluded.