A comprehensive GIS-based poultry litter management system for nutrient management planning and litter transportation

Geographic information systems (GIS) based model of dairy manure transportation and application with environmental quality consideration

“…An optimal transportation route identified a real world path with minimum cumulative impedance between the dairy farm origin and farm and pasture land destination using the existing road network (Kang et al, 2008). The analysis identified the shortest and cheapest existing road network by calculating and cumulating the contributions of all cost elements involved in the loading and transportation of manure from its origin to the point of final destination including the farm application cost.…”

“…Geographic information systems (GIS) offer spatial modeling options that accounts for the influence of various factors, such as distances between dairy locations to crops and pasture lands, topography, types of roads and slopes along that distance (Kang et al, 2008). Although land slope does not seem to be a major concern in the study area because of high proportion of leveled land, a GIS modeling requires its provision to run the model while identifying the least-cost path generated through an exhaustive and iterative process for vehicle routing between origins and destinations.…”

Regulating the land application of manure from animal production facilities in the USA

“…With respect to water quality, agricultural groups could acknowledge that agriculture is a major contributor to water impairment and address ways to respond to pollution problems. Another idea that has been implemented in some areas is treating manure as a resource to be marketed rather than a waste to be disposed of on nearby fields (Kang et al, 2008). Manure can be used in place of commercial fertilizer to achieve production goals at a cheaper cost (Park et al, 2010).…”

GIS-based study of the spatial distribution suitability of livestock and poultry farming: The case of Putian, Fujian, China

“…However, the humanities, social economy, and environment involved in regional suitability analysis are insufficient in these limited studies, which do not discuss how to guide spatial distribution according to different appropriate classification results. In recent years, overseas research on the spatial distribution of livestock and poultry farming has focused on fecal pollution (Kang et al, 2008;Dennis et al, 2013), nutrient element distribution (Moreau et al, 2013), and biological diseases (Xue et al, 2013). Meanwhile, local research in China on livestock and poultry farming tends to focus on environmental and landcarrying capacity, such as animal manure load grading and land accommodation degree (Caldwell, 1998;Zhang et al, 2003;Duan et al, 2007).…”