A Comprehensive Review on Pioneering Nanotechnologies in Advancing Next-Generation Biofuel Production

Abstract

Nanotechnology is transforming biofuel manufacturing by enhancing efficiency, yield, and sustainability. This review explores how nanotechnology advances next-generation biofuel production using nanomaterials like catalysts, membranes, and transporters in biomass conversion, fermentation, and purification. Researchers have leveraged the unique properties of nanoparticles to improve reaction kinetics, selectivity, and stability in biofuel production pathways. Nanoscale sensors and monitoring devices provide real-time process control, enabling robust and scalable production. Additionally, innovative Nano biotechnology techniques, such as enzyme immobilization and metabolic engineering, enhance the performance of biofuel-producing microorganisms. This review also focus on challenges like feedstock diversification, energy efficiency, and environmental impact, and suggests that advanced nanotechnologies will revolutionize biofuel production, leading to a more sustainable and renewable energy future.