A comprehensive review on the phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics, and antidiabetic effect of Ginseng

Liu, Yage; Zhang, Hao; Xuan, Dong; Zhu, Ruyuan; Chen, Beibei; Xia, Bingke; Ye, Zimengwei; Zhao, Dandan; S, Gao; Orekhov, Alexander N.; Zhang, Dongwei; Wang, Lili; Guo, Shuzhen

doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153717

Cited by 40 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 174 publications

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“…In the same way, the peaks 8, 13, and 14 were identified as 20( R )‐Rh 1 , Rk 3 , and Rh 4 . Peaks 1 and 2 were tentatively identified as 20( S )‐Rh 12 and 20( R )‐Rh 12 , respectively, by MS/MS information, accurate mass measurement (701.4471, +HCOO − ), and comparison to literature, 32,33 which reported that retention time of an individual 20( S ) ginsenoside was slightly shorter than that of its corresponding 20( R ) ginsenoside. According to accurate mass measurement (697.4547, +HCOO − ), internal ginsenosides database, and literature, 32,34 it could be deduced that peak 10 was Rh 5 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Peaks 1 and 2 were tentatively identified as 20( S )‐Rh 12 and 20( R )‐Rh 12 , respectively, by MS/MS information, accurate mass measurement (701.4471, +HCOO − ), and comparison to literature, 32,33 which reported that retention time of an individual 20( S ) ginsenoside was slightly shorter than that of its corresponding 20( R ) ginsenoside. According to accurate mass measurement (697.4547, +HCOO − ), internal ginsenosides database, and literature, 32,34 it could be deduced that peak 10 was Rh 5 . The molecular formula of peaks 3 and 4 were determined to be C 36 H 62 O 11 based on the additive molecular ion peak at m / z 715.4635 (+HCOO − ), and the compounds may have undergone carboxylation (Car) reaction.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to ion mobility quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry profiling and unveiling the transformation of ginsenosides by the dual conditions of citric acid and high‐pressure steaming

et al. 2022

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Rationale: Many methods have been reported for the production of rare ginsenosides, including heat treatment, acid hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis, and microbial transformation. However, the conversion of original ginsenosides to rare ginsenosides under the dual conditions of citric acid and highpressure steam sterilization has rarely been reported.Methods: In this study, a method involving ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ion mobility quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was developed for analysis of chemical transformation of protopanaxatriol (PPT)-type ginsenosides Rg 1 and Re, protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type ginsenoside Rb 1 , and total ginsenosides in the dual conditions of citric acid and highpressure steam sterilization. An internal ginsenoside database containing 126 known ginsenosides and 18 ginsenoside reference compounds was established to identify the transformation products and explore possible transformation pathways and mechanisms.Results: A total of 54 ginsenosides have been preliminarily identified in the transformation products of PPD-type ginsenosides Rg 1 and Re, PPD-type ginsenoside Rb 1 , and total ginsenosides, and the possible transformation pathways were as follows:

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to ion mobility quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry profiling and unveiling the transformation of ginsenosides by the dual conditions of citric acid and high‐pressure steaming

et al. 2022

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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“…F o r e x a m p l e , t he m o s t i m p o rt a n t s i d e eff e c t s of GLYCYRRHIZAE RADIX ET RHIZOMA have been found to be hypertension and hypokalemic-induced secondary disorders and which need to be used with caution during pregnancy (92). Large-scale consumption of GINSENG RADIX ET RHIZOMA may cause anaphylaxis, palpitations, hypertension, skin hypersensitivity reactions and headache (93,94). The toxicity of PINELLIAE RHIZOMA includes mucosal irritation, hepatorenal and gestational toxicity (95).…”

Section: ⊕⊕⊕ο Moderatementioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Traditional Medicine Preparations Combined With Chemotherapy for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Jiang

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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BackgroundTraditional medicine preparations (TMPs) combined with chemotherapy is widely used for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (APC); however, its efficacy and safety are still unclear. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of TMPs combined with chemotherapy for the treatment of APC.MethodsA systematic search of eight electronic databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted from inception to October 15, 2021. Tumor response was identified as primary outcome, whereas quality of life (QoL), cancer biomarkers, and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were identified as secondary outcomes. Quality of the evidence for each outcome was evaluated by GRADE profiler.ResultsIn total, 31 RCTs involving 1,989 individuals were included. This meta-analysis showed that TMPs combined with chemotherapy significantly improved the objective response rate (ORR) (RR=1.64, 95% CI [1.43 to 1.88], p <0.00001), disease control rate (DCR) (RR=1.29, 95% CI [1.21 to 1.38], p <0.00001), and QoL (continuous data: SMD=0.81, 95% CI [0.44 to 1.18], p <0.0001, dichotomous data: RR=1.44, 95% CI [1.22 to 1.70], p<0.0001), compared to those with chemotherapy alone. In addition, the combined treatment group also had lower levels of CA19-9 (SMD=-0.46, 95% CI [-0.90 to -0.02], p=0.04) and CEA (SMD=-0.55, 95% CI [-0.93 to -0.17], p=0.004). Moreover, TMPs reduced the ADRs during chemotherapy.ConclusionThis systematic review suggests that TMPs combined with chemotherapy might be a potential option to enhance therapeutic effects and reduce ADRs during the treatment of APC. However, more high-quality randomized controlled trials with more participants are needed.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=209825, identifier PROSPERO Number: CRD42021264938.

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“…The traditional Chinese herbal medicine like licorice , ginseng , Radix Bupleuri , Poria cocos etc . which are rich in known self-assembled terpenoids can is used as a representative starting point of research to test it [ [146] , [147] , [148] , [149] ].…”

Section: New Supramolecular System Hypothesis Of Tcmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supramolecular assemblies based on natural small molecules: Union would be effective

Hou

Zou

et al. 2022

Materials Today Bio

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A comprehensive review on the phytochemistry, pharmacokinetics, and antidiabetic effect of Ginseng

Cited by 40 publications

References 174 publications

Ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to ion mobility quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry profiling and unveiling the transformation of ginsenosides by the dual conditions of citric acid and high‐pressure steaming

Ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to ion mobility quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry profiling and unveiling the transformation of ginsenosides by the dual conditions of citric acid and high‐pressure steaming

Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Traditional Medicine Preparations Combined With Chemotherapy for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Supramolecular assemblies based on natural small molecules: Union would be effective

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