A Comprehensive Review on the Phytochemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Pogostemon cablin Benth.:  An Aromatic Medicinal Plant of Industrial Importance

Swamy, Mallappa Kumara; Sinniah, Uma Rani

doi:10.3390/molecules20058521

Cited by 302 publications

(217 citation statements)

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“…(Labiatae), has been used to treat gastrointestinal diseases for thousands of years in many Asian countries (10). The major active ingredient in Pogostemonis Herba is patchouli alcohol (PA) (structure shown in Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

In VitroandIn VivoAntibacterial Activities of Patchouli Alcohol, a Naturally Occurring Tricyclic Sesquiterpene, against Helicobacter pylori Infection

Lian

Chen

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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This study further evaluated the in vitro and in vivo anti-Helicobacter pylori activities and potential underlying mechanism of patchouli alcohol (PA), a tricyclic sesquiterpene. In the in vitro assay, the capacities of PA to inhibit and kill H. pylori were tested on three standard strains at different pH values and on 12 clinical isolates. The effects of PA on H. pylori adhesion (and its alpA, alpB, and babA genes), motility (and its flaA and flaB genes), ultrastructure, and flagellation were investigated. Moreover, the H. pylori resistance to and postantibiotic effect (PAE) of PA were determined. Furthermore, the in vivo effects of PA on H. pylori eradication and gastritis were examined. Results showed that MICs of PA against three standard strains (pH 5.3 to 9) and 12 clinical isolates were 25 to 75 and 12.5 to 50 g/ml, respectively. The killing kinetics of PA were time and concentration dependent, and its minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) were 25 to 75 g/ml. In addition, H. pylori adhesion, motility, ultrastructure, and flagellation were significantly suppressed. PA also remarkably inhibited the expression of adhesion genes (alpA and alpB) and motility genes (flaA and flaB). Furthermore, PA treatment caused a longer PAE and less bacterial resistance than clarithromycin and metronidazole. The in vivo study showed that PA can effectively eradicate H. pylori, inhibit gastritis, and suppress the expression of inflammatory mediators (COX-2, interleukin 1␤, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and inducible nitric oxide synthase [iNOS]). In conclusion, PA can efficiently kill H. pylori, interfere with its infection process, and attenuate gastritis with less bacterial resistance, making it a potential candidate for new drug development.

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confidence: 99%

In VitroandIn VivoAntibacterial Activities of Patchouli Alcohol, a Naturally Occurring Tricyclic Sesquiterpene, against Helicobacter pylori Infection

Lian

Chen

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…Patchouli oil is extracted from Pogostemon cablin of the family Lamiaceae and is been used widely in traditional medicine practices in China and in India [9]. The model drug selected, indomethacin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug which is used for the treatment of inflammation, arthritis, and pains but on oral administration in chronic treatment causes various gastrointestinal effects as side effects and hence the development of an effective transdermal system will eliminate its side effects [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formulation and Evaluation of Transdermal Patch of Indomethacin Containing Patchouli Oil as Natural Penetration Enhancer

Das¹,

Ahmed²

2017

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: To develop a transdermal patch of Indomethacin using patchouli oil as a natural enhancer to increase transdermal permeation of the drug from the matrix system across rat epidermis. Materials and Methods:The chemical characterization of patchouli oil was done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Transdermal patches of indomethacin were formulated after studying the drug-excipient compatibility studies by differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The transdermal patches were evaluated for various physiochemical properties. In-vitro transdermal permeation was carried using modified Keshary-Chein diffusion cell across rat epidermis. FTIR studies of rat epidermis were done to understand the mechanism of the permeation enhancing effect of the oil from the matrix patch. Result:The results of physiochemical parameters of the transdermal patch were found satisfactory. The transdermal flux obtained of the different concentration of patchouli oil tend to increase with increasing concentration of the oil and the maximum transdermal flux of 61.92 ± 0.89 µg/cm 2 /hr was obtained with formulation F7 (containing 1% w/v of patchouli oil) which is similar to the flux of the formulation F2 containing standard enhancer dimethyl sulphoxide. The skin irritation test did not show any edema and the FTIR data of rat epidermis indicated that patchouli oil enhances transdermal permeation of indomethacin by partial extraction of lipids in the stratum corneum. Conclusion:Thus, the results showed a potential enhancing effect of patchouli oil on the transdermal permeation of the model drug indomethacin and may be used as natural permeation enhancer in transdermal drug delivery systems.

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“…The phytochemical composition and the content of bioactive compounds vary within the plant parts. Moreover, various factors such as geographical topographies, climatic condition, growing patters, and harvesting duration influence the accumulation pattern of biochemical constituents in plants [1,5,7,40]. In addition, the practice of extraction procedures can lead to discrepancies in the composition of plant compounds.…”

Section: Phytochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

<em>Leptadenia reticulata</em> (Retz.) Wight (Jivanti): Botanical, Agronomical, Phytochemical, Pharmacological, and Biotechnological Aspects

Mohanty¹,

Swamy²,

Sinniah³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Leptadenia reticulata (Ritz.) Wight (Asclepiadaceae), a traditional medicinal plant species, is widely used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments such as tuberculosis, hematopoiesis, emaciation, cough, dyspnea, fever, burning sensation, night blindness, cancer, and dysentery. In Ayurveda, it is known for its revitalizing, rejuvenating, and lactogenic properties. This plant is one of the major ingredients in many commercial herbal formulations, including Speman, Envirocare, Calshakti, Antisept, and Chyawanprash. The therapeutic potential of this herb is because of the presence of diverse bioactive compounds such as α-amyrin, β-amyrin, ferulic acid, luteolin, diosmetin, rutin, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, hentriacontanol, a triterpene alcohol simiarenol, apigenin, reticulin, deniculatin, and leptaculatin. However, most biological studies on L. reticulata are restricted to crude extracts, and many biologically active compounds are yet to be identified in order to claim the traditional uses of L. reticulata into evidence-based uses. At present, L. reticulata is a threatened endangered plant because of overexploitation, unscientific harvesting, and habitat loss. The increased demand from pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and veterinary industries has prompted its large-scale propagation. However, its commercial cultivation is hampered because of the non-availability of genuine planting material and the lack of knowledge on its agronomical practices. In this regard, micropropagation technique will be useful to obtain true-to-type L. reticulata planting materials from an elite germplasm to meet the current demand. Adopting other biotechnological approaches such as synthetic seed technology, cryopreservation, cell culture, and genetic transformation can warrant conservation as well as increased metabolite production from L. reticulata. The present review summarizes scientific information on the botanical, agronomical, phytochemical, pharmacological, and biotechnological aspects of L. reticulata. This comprehensive information will certainly allow better utilization of this industrially important herb towards the discovery of lead drug molecules.

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A Comprehensive Review on the Phytochemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Pogostemon cablin Benth.: An Aromatic Medicinal Plant of Industrial Importance

Cited by 302 publications

References 81 publications

In VitroandIn VivoAntibacterial Activities of Patchouli Alcohol, a Naturally Occurring Tricyclic Sesquiterpene, against Helicobacter pylori Infection

In VitroandIn VivoAntibacterial Activities of Patchouli Alcohol, a Naturally Occurring Tricyclic Sesquiterpene, against Helicobacter pylori Infection

Formulation and Evaluation of Transdermal Patch of Indomethacin Containing Patchouli Oil as Natural Penetration Enhancer

<em>Leptadenia reticulata</em> (Retz.) Wight (Jivanti): Botanical, Agronomical, Phytochemical, Pharmacological, and Biotechnological Aspects

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