A comprehensive study of document security system, open issues and challenges

Khan, Riaz Ahmed; Lone, Sajaad Ahmed

doi:10.1007/s11042-020-10061-x

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Documents have been used as an evidence or proof to secure certain information. [ 1 ] There are several types of documents, such as personal identifier (ID), passport, driving license, banknote, court documents, birth and death certificates and official power of attorney. [ 2,3 ] Those documents are very significant; thus, they must be secure and genuine in order to be reliable against counterfeiting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of photochromic nanocomposite film via spray‐coating of rare‐earth strontium aluminate for anti‐counterfeit applications

et al. 2021

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New photochromic film was developed toward the preparation of anti‐counterfeiting documents utilizing inorganic/organic nanocomposite enclosing a photoluminescent inorganic pigment and a polyacrylic binder polymer. To generate a translucent film from pigment/polyacrylic nanocomposite, the phosphorescent strontium aluminum oxide pigment should be well‐dispersed in the solution of the polyacrylic‐based binder without agglomeration. The photochromic nanocomposite was applied efficiently onto commercial cellulose paper documents utilizing the effective and economical spray‐coating technology followed with thermofixation. A homogeneous photochromic film was immobilized onto cellulose paper surface to introduce a transparent film changing to greenish‐yellow upon exposure to ultraviolet light as depicted by CIE coloration measurements. The photochromic effect was monitored at lowest pigment concentration (0.25 wt%). The spray‐coated paper documents exhibit two absorbance bands at 256 and 358 nm, and two fluorescence peaks at 433 and 511 nm. The morphologies of the spray‐coated documents were explored. The spray‐coated paper sheets showed a reversible photochromic effect without fatigue under ultraviolet irradiation. The rheology of the produced photochromic composites as well as the mechanical properties and photostability of the spray‐coated documents were studied.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of photochromic nanocomposite film via spray‐coating of rare‐earth strontium aluminate for anti‐counterfeit applications

et al. 2021

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“…Such actions embrace many threats, especially when dealing with important formal documents such as identity documents, bank checks, medical prescriptions, paper currency, or even evidence in a court of law. "Hundreds of document forgery cases are being reported every day around the world" [1]. It is therefore of paramount importance that agencies accepting formal documents be able to verify the authenticity of such documents before accepting or relying on them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral Data Analysis for Forgery Detection in Official Documents: A Network-Based Approach

2022

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Despite the huge advances in digital communications in the last decade, physical documents are still the most common media for information transfer, especially in the official context. However, the readily available document processing devices and techniques (printers, scanners, etc.) facilitate the illegal manipulation or imitation of original documents by forgers. Therefore, verification of the authenticity and detection of forgery is of paramount importance to all agencies receiving printed documents. We suggest an unsupervised forgery detection framework that can distinguish whether a document is forged based on the spectroscopy of the document’s ink. The spectra of the tested documents inks (original and questioned) were obtained using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technology. Then, a correlation matrix of the spectra was calculated for both the original and questioned documents together, which were then transformed into an adjacency matrix aiming at converting it into a weighted network under the concept of graph theory. Clustering algorithms were then applied to the network to determine the number of clusters. The proposed approach was tested under a variety of scenarios and different types of printers (e.g., inkjet, laser, and photocopiers) as well as different kinds of papers. The findings show that the proposed approach provided a high rate of accuracy in identifying forged documents and a high detection speed. It also provides a visual output that is easily interpretable to the non-expert, which provides great flexibility for real-world application.

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“…For example, performing unauthorized modifications on a document or even imitating an original document. Hundreds of document forgery cases have been reported every day around the world [1]. Preventing this kind of issue is not an easy task to perform due to the high availability of software and hardware tools.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Spectroscopy-Network-Based Method for Forgery Detection of Documents

Amged¹,

Mahmood²,

Almukhtar³

2022

IJCDS

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This article introduces a novel approach for forgery detection of documents based on the spectroscopy of documents' matters. The proposed approach uses concepts from network science to generate a weighted network of spectrums for both the original and questioned documents together. The nodes of the network represent the spectrums and the edges are the correlations among them. The detection method is based on the number of clusters obtained from the tested network using a modified version of the Louvain algorithm. The spectrums of the inks and papers that were used in printing the documents were obtained using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) technology. The proposed approach was tested under variety of cases such as inkjet prints, laser prints, and different kinds of printing papers. It was also examined under several clustering algorithms. The findings showed that the approach always successful in distinguishing different kinds of documents with an accuracy of 100%. Moreover, the results of the proposed approach can be visually interpreted, which is more comfortable to investigators. Finally, the proposed approach is considered simple and does not need complex computations compared to the approaches in the literature.

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A comprehensive study of document security system, open issues and challenges

Cited by 12 publications

References 68 publications

Production of photochromic nanocomposite film via spray‐coating of rare‐earth strontium aluminate for anti‐counterfeit applications

Production of photochromic nanocomposite film via spray‐coating of rare‐earth strontium aluminate for anti‐counterfeit applications

Spectral Data Analysis for Forgery Detection in Official Documents: A Network-Based Approach

A Spectroscopy-Network-Based Method for Forgery Detection of Documents

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