A compression sensing and noise-tolerant image encryption scheme based on chaotic maps and orthogonal matrices

Ahmad, Jawad; Khan, Muazzam A.; Hwang, Seong Oun; Khan, Jan Sher

doi:10.1007/s00521-016-2405-6

Cited by 68 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…If the initial condition value is insignificantly changed the output at other ends will show immensely fickleness. Chaos behavior exists surrounding when looking into nature [49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. The basic schematic chart of image encryption is shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Nonlinear Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Hybrid Secure Image Encryption Based on Julia Set of Fractals and 3D Lorenz Chaotic Map

Masood

Ahmad

Shah

et al. 2020

Entropy

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111

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Chaos-based encryption schemes have attracted many researchers around the world in the digital image security domain. Digital images can be secured using existing chaotic maps, multiple chaotic maps, and several other hybrid dynamic systems that enhance the non-linearity of digital images. The combined property of confusion and diffusion was introduced by Claude Shannon which can be employed for digital image security. In this paper, we proposed a novel system that is computationally less expensive and provided a higher level of security. The system is based on a shuffling process with fractals key along with three-dimensional Lorenz chaotic map. The shuffling process added the confusion property and the pixels of the standard image is shuffled. Three-dimensional Lorenz chaotic map is used for a diffusion process which distorted all pixels of the image. In the statistical security test, means square error (MSE) evaluated error value was greater than the average value of 10000 for all standard images. The value of peak signal to noise (PSNR) was 7.69(dB) for the test image. Moreover, the calculated correlation coefficient values for each direction of the encrypted images was less than zero with a number of pixel change rate (NPCR) higher than 99%. During the security test, the entropy values were more than 7.9 for each grey channel which is almost equal to the ideal value of 8 for an 8-bit system. Numerous security tests and low computational complexity tests validate the security, robustness, and real-time implementation of the presented scheme.Entropy 2020, 22, 274 2 of 28 scientist Claude Shannon in the year 1949, the same person introduced the property of confusion and diffusion. The property of randomness helped in securing digital multimedia information. The security of digital bitstream became one of the central issues when the data was transformed into a digital bitstream. The privacy of digital information posed a new problem in the digital world. The secure digital data in the form of binary bits are openly accessible for hackers. The data can be easily obtainable from the far site using the internet. It needs proper measurements to secure digital information over an insecure line of communication [1][2][3]. The digital data can be secured by hiding the identity of the original digital image over the secret cover image or another approach is pixels distortion or encryption. The first method of securing digital information is information hiding techniques and the study of steganography, which means the value of the data is preserved under the secret image. The image security is a very important issue as compared to textual security, where image pixels are to be examined concerning nearby pixels in a different orientation. The more pixels are dissimilar means the proposed encryption technique is more suitable for brute force attacks. Moreover, plain image pixels are always correlated to each other where an attacker can easily find secret information. Chaos-based encryption technique is preferred over some ...

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Section: Nonlinear Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Hybrid Secure Image Encryption Based on Julia Set of Fractals and 3D Lorenz Chaotic Map

Masood

Ahmad

Shah

et al. 2020

Entropy

Self Cite

111

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show abstract

“…However, still, the proposed algorithm must be tested and evaluated via some important parameters discussed in Ref [21]. Hence the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is also tested using important security parameters such as correlation contrast, correlation, energy, entropy, key space and key sensitivity which are thoroughly defined in our previous work [22], [23]. Due to space limits, parameters mentioned above are not defined in this paper.…”

Section: And Explained Asmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to space limits, parameters mentioned above are not defined in this paper. How these parameters can be used to judge the security of an encrypted scheme can be found in [22], [23]. The low value of correlation coefficient reflects higher security of an image encryption scheme.…”

Section: And Explained Asmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Intelligent Real-Time Occupancy Monitoring System with Enhanced Encryption and Privacy

Ahmad

Larijani

Emmanuel

et al. 2018

2018 IEEE 17th International Conference on Cognitive Informatics &Amp; Cognitive Computing (ICCI*CC)

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The number of people entering or leaving a building is an essential piece of information that has a lot of practical applications in intelligent building, queue management, and customer service. Vision-based technologies are widely installed in real-time occupancy monitoring systems due to accuracy and reliability. However, monitoring occupancy through unprotected video may disclose privacy of innocent people. Therefore, protecting confidentiality and accurately counting the number of people in real-time scenarios is a severe challenge. Encrypting such videos is one of the promising solutions for maintaining privacy. In this paper, we propose a real-time occupancy monitoring system with Region of Interest (ROI) based lightweight video encryption. People movement is detected through a widely used background model, i.e., Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and Kalman filter. Instead of encrypting the whole frame including background, the main idea is to encrypt people present in video via Tangent Delay Ellipse Reflecting Cavity Map System (TD-ERCS). Compared to existing schemes which are mainly based on complete encryption, the proposed method provides partial encryption though cryptographically secure and low-cost computation. The proposed scheme is tested with several different parameters such as correlation, entropy, contrast, energy, Number of Pixel Change Rate (NPCR) NPCR, Unified Average Change Intensity (UACI) and key space. Results from all security parameters have highlighted sufficient security of the proposed scheme.

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“…Ahmad et al [49] proposed a new image encryption scheme based on chaotic maps and orthogonal matrices. In addition to performing encryption for higher security, this method also supports partial encryption for a faster process and a better result.…”

Section: Hybrid Compression-encryption Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Image Compression and Encryption Techniques

Setyaningsih¹,

Wardoyo²

2017

ijacsa

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Abstract-In line with a growing need for data and information transmission in a safe and quick manner, researches on image protection and security through a combination of cryptographic and compression techniques begin to take form. The combination of these two methods may include into three categories based on their process sequences. The first category, i.e. cryptographic technique followed by compression method, focuses more on image security than the reduction of a size of data. The second combination, compression technique followed by the cryptographic method, has an advantage where the compression technique can be lossy, lossless, or combination of both. The third category, i.e. compression and cryptographic technologies in a single process either partially or in the form of compressive sensing(CS) provides a good data safety assurance with such a low computational complexity that it is eligible for enhancing the efficiency and security of data/information transmission.

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A compression sensing and noise-tolerant image encryption scheme based on chaotic maps and orthogonal matrices

Cited by 68 publications

References 41 publications

A Novel Hybrid Secure Image Encryption Based on Julia Set of Fractals and 3D Lorenz Chaotic Map

A Novel Hybrid Secure Image Encryption Based on Julia Set of Fractals and 3D Lorenz Chaotic Map

An Intelligent Real-Time Occupancy Monitoring System with Enhanced Encryption and Privacy

Review of Image Compression and Encryption Techniques

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