A Conceptual Analysis of Solid Self-emulsifying Drug Delivery System and its Associate Patents for the Treatment of Cancer

Abstract

Background: About two-third of new drugs reveal low solubility in water due to that; it becomes difficult for formulation scientists to develop oral solid dosage forms with a pharmaceutically acceptable range of therapeutic activity. In such cases, S-SMEEDS are the best carrier used universally for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs. SEDDS were also used, but due to its limitations, S-SMEDDS used widely. These are the isotropic mixtures of oils, co-solvents, and surfactants. S-SMEDDS are physically stable, easy to manufacture, easy to fill in gelatin capsules as well as improves the drug bioavailability by releasing the drug in the emulsion form to the gastrointestinal tract and make smooth absorption of the drug through the intestinal lymphatic pathway. Methods: We took on the various literature search related to our review, including the peer-reviewed research, and provided a conceptual framework to that. Standard tools are used for making the figures of the paper, and various search engines are used for the literature exploration.In this review article the author discussed the importance of S-SMEDDS, selection criteria for excipients, pseudo-ternary diagram, mechanism of action of S-SMEDDS, solidification techniques used for S-SMEDDS, Characterization of SEDDS and S-SMEDDS including Stability Evaluation of both and future prospect concluded through recent findings on S-SMEDDS on Cancer as well as a neoteric patent on S-SMEDDS Results: Many research papers discussed in this review article, from which it was found that the ternary phase diagram is the most crucial part of developing the SMEDDS. From the various research findings, it was found that the excipient selection is the essential step which decides the strong therapeutic effect of the formulation. The significant outcome related to solid-SMEDDS is less the globule size, higher would be the bioavailability. The adsorption of a solid carrier method is the most widely used method for the preparation of solid-SMEDDS. After review of many patents, it is observed that the solid-SMEDDS have a strong potential for targeting and treatment of a different type of Cancer due to their property to enhance permeation and increased bioavailability. Conclusion: S-SMEEDS are more acceptable pharmaceutically as compare to SEDDS due to various advantages over SEDDS viz stability issue is prevalent with SEDDS. A number of researchers had formulated S-SMEDDS of poorly soluble drugs and founded S-SMEDDS as prospective for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs for the treatment of Cancer. S-SMEEDS are grabbing attention, and the patentability on S-SMEDDS is unavoidable, these prove that S-SMEEDS are widely accepted carriers. These are used universally for the delivery of the hydrophilic drugs and anticancer drugs as it releases the drug to the gastrointestinal tract and enhances the systemic absorption. Abstract: Majority of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) shows poor aqueous solubility, due to that drug delivery of the API to the systemic circulation becomes difficult as it has low bioavailability. The bioavailability of the hydrophobic drugs can be improved by the Self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) but due to its various limitations, solid self-micro emulsifying drug delivery systems (S-SMEDDS) are used due to its advantages over SEDDS. S-SMEDDS plays a vital role in improving the low bioavailability of poorly aqueous soluble drugs. Hydrophobic drugs can be easily loaded in these systems and release the drug to the gastrointestinal tract in the form of fine emulsion results to In-situ solubilisation of the drug. In this review article the author's gives an overview of the solid SMEDSS along with the solidification techniques and an update on recent research and patents filled for Solid SMEDDS.

SELF EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS- An Ovierview

“…SE tablets are frequently produced because they're more stable than other dosing types. A polymeric method can be used to provide sustained action [25]. SE tablets are made up of compressed or molded liquid SEDDS that have been solidified.…”

“…These preparations have a number of benefits, including the ability to liquefy at body temperature under agitation owing to the peristalsis of the GIT, which decreases the liquidation period, which causes quicker emulsification and higher drug plasma concentration (shown in Figure 7). A gelled SEDDS has been created to minimize the quantity of solidifying agents needed for the conversion of SEDDS into solid dosage forms [21][22][23][24][25].…”

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“…They are considered as an isotropic blend of oil, surfactant, and co-surfactants that form an oil-in-water nanoemulsion when exposed in an aqueous phase under mild agitation [ 286 ]. They range within a diameter of 10–200 nm [ 287 ]. The nanoemulsion offers therapeutic advantages over conventional dosage form, which includes small size, increased aqueous solubility, good physical stability, increased bioavailability, reduced cytotoxicity, and overcoming the multi-drug resistance (MDR) [ 285 , 288 ].…”

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“…To increase bioavailability, self-microemulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDSs) are frequently formulated [ 489 ]. SMEDDS are isotropic mixtures of oils, surfactants, or (alternatively) co-surfactants and co-solvents [ 488 , 490 ]. To avoid drug precipitation, SMEDDS are supplied with hydrophilic polymers, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.…”

“…To avoid drug precipitation, SMEDDS are supplied with hydrophilic polymers, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. The use of SMEDDSs significantly improved the stability, effectiveness, and Cmax and AUC values of curcumin, quercetin, and resveratrol [ 490 ].…”