A concise review of mushrooms antiviral and immunomodulatory properties that may combat against COVID-19

Arunachalam, Karuppusamy; Sasidharan, Sreeja Puthanpura; Yang, Xuefei

doi:10.1016/j.focha.2022.100023

Cited by 36 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…[2,6]. There is evidence that β-glucan polysaccharides, obtained from mushrooms, possess antiviral activity and could fight against coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 disease (COVID- 19) due to different mechanisms of immunomodulation [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity of Biomass and Crude Exopolysaccharides Obtained by Controlled Submerged Cultivation of Medicinal Mushroom Trametes versicolor

Angelova

Brazkova

Mihaylova

et al. 2022

JoF

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The aim of this study is to characterize the bioactivity of mycelial biomass and crude exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by Trametes versicolor NBIMCC 8939 and to reveal its nutraceutical potential. The EPS (1.58 g/L) were isolated from a culture broth. The macrofungal biomass was rich in protein, insoluble dietary fibers and glucans. The amino acid composition of the biomass was analyzed and 18 amino acids were detected. Three mycelial biomass extracts were prepared and the highest total polyphenol content (16.11 ± 0.14 mg GAE/g DW) and the total flavonoid content (5.15 ± 0.03 mg QE/g DW) were found in the water extract. The results indicated that the obtained EPS were heteropolysaccharides with glucose as the main building monosaccharide and minor amounts of mannose, xylose, galactose, fucose and glucuronic acid. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the complex structure of the crude EPS. Five probiotic lactic acid bacteria strains were used for the determination of the prebiotic effect of the crude EPS. The anti-inflammatory potential was tested in vitro using cell line HT-29. The significant decrease of IL-1 and IL-8 and increase of TGF-beta expression revealed anti-inflammatory potential of the crude exopolysaccharides from T. versicolor.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity of Biomass and Crude Exopolysaccharides Obtained by Controlled Submerged Cultivation of Medicinal Mushroom Trametes versicolor

Angelova

Brazkova

Mihaylova

et al. 2022

JoF

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“…Due to the well-known antiviral properties of the medical mushroom, they have been explored as potential therapy in fight against COVID-19 [ 113 , 114 , 115 ].…”

Section: Miscellaneous Natural Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction to Traditional Medicine and Their Role in Prevention and Treatment of Emerging and Re-Emerging Diseases

et al. 2022

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Infectious diseases have been a threat to human health globally. The relentless efforts and research have enabled us to overcome most of the diseases through the use of antiviral and antibiotic agents discovered and employed. Unfortunately, the microorganisms have the capability to adapt and mutate over time and antibiotic and antiviral resistance ensues. There are many challenges in treating infections such as failure of the microorganisms to respond to the therapeutic agents, which has led to more chronic infections, complications, and preventable loss of life. Thus, a multidisciplinary approach and collaboration is warranted to create more potent, effective, and versatile therapies to prevent and eradicate the old and newly emerging diseases. In the recent past, natural medicine has proven its effectiveness against various illnesses. Most of the pharmaceutical agents currently used can trace their origin to the natural products in one way, shape, or form. The full potential of natural products is yet to be realized, as numerous natural resources have not been explored and analyzed. This merits continuous support in research and analysis of ancient treatment systems to explore their full potential and employ them as an alternative or principal therapy.

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“…At present, several bioactive compounds isolated from G. lucidum with potent antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, etc activities against several emerging diseases are under investigation, and the number of studies is constantly increasing ( Gu et al, 2007 ; Isaka et al, 2007 ; Linnakoski et al, 2018 ). Therefore, diverse G. lucidum bioactive components could become promising candidates for novel, safe, and readily available therapeutics for the treatment and control of several emerging diseases in Africa in a few years ( Shahzad et al, 2020 ) ( Seo and Choi, 2021 ) ( Arunachalam et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Ganoderma Lucidum Distribution and Cultivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ganoderma lucidum: Unutilized natural medicine and promising future solution to emerging diseases in Africa

et al. 2022

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Ganoderma lucidum is a well-known medicinal mushroom that has been used for the prevention and treatment of different ailments to enhance longevity and health specifically in China, Japan, and Korea. It was known as “God’s herb” in ancient China as it was believed to prolong life, enhance the youthful spirit and sustain/preserve vitality. G. lucidum is seldom collected from nature and is substantially cultivated on wood logs and sawdust in plastic bags or bottles to meet the international market demand. Both in vitro and in vivo studies on the copious metabolic activities of G. lucidum have been carried out. Varied groups of chemical compounds including triterpenoids, polysaccharides, proteins, amino acids, nucleosides, alkaloids, steroids, lactones, lectins, fatty acids, and enzymes with potent pharmacological activities have been isolated from the mycelia and fruiting bodies of G. lucidum. Several researchers have reported the abundance and diversification of its biological actions triggered by these chemical compounds. Triterpenoids and polysaccharides of G. lucidum have been reported to possess cytotoxic, hepatoprotective, antihypertensive, hypocholesterolemic, antihistaminic effects, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic antiallergic, neuroprotective, antitumor, immunomodulatory and antiangiogenic activities. Various formulations have been developed, patented, and utilized as nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals, and pharmaceuticals from G. lucidum extracts and active compounds. Thus, this review presents current updates on emerging infectious diseases and highlights the scope, dynamics, and advances in infectious disease management with a particular focus on Ganoderma lucidum, an unutilized natural medicine as a promising future solution to emerging diseases in Africa. However, details such as the chemical compound and mode of action of each bioactive against different emerging diseases were not discussed in this study.

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A concise review of mushrooms antiviral and immunomodulatory properties that may combat against COVID-19

Cited by 36 publications

References 125 publications

Bioactivity of Biomass and Crude Exopolysaccharides Obtained by Controlled Submerged Cultivation of Medicinal Mushroom Trametes versicolor

Bioactivity of Biomass and Crude Exopolysaccharides Obtained by Controlled Submerged Cultivation of Medicinal Mushroom Trametes versicolor

Introduction to Traditional Medicine and Their Role in Prevention and Treatment of Emerging and Re-Emerging Diseases

Ganoderma lucidum: Unutilized natural medicine and promising future solution to emerging diseases in Africa

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