A confirmatory factor model for climate justice: Integrating human development and climate actions in low carbon economies

AI’s contribution to combating climate change and achieving environmental justice in the global economy

“…According to the updated definition, a new approach to ensuring environmental justice using high technologies of industry 4.0, and first of all AI, has been proposed. In contrast to the existing publications (Ali et al, 2016;Anantharajah and Setyowati, 2022;Furlan and Mariano, 2022;He et al, 2022;Islam, 2022), the article proposes to combat climate change based not on social but technological progress. In addition, the article determines the causes of climate change and demonstrates that social factors only indirectly affect them, while technological factors make it possible to eliminate these causes.…”

“…In this regard, the concept of environmental justice has taken shape as equal opportunities for countries to protect the environment (Budolfson et al, 2021;Cappelli et al, 2021;Dagdeviren et al, 2021;Gazzotti et al, 2021;Pérez-Peña et al, 2021;Yang and Tang, 2022). Based on this concept, an approach to ensuring environmental justice through responsible production (corporate social responsibility) and consumption has developed (Ali et al, 2016;Anantharajah and Setyowati, 2022;Furlan and Mariano, 2022;He et al, 2022;Islam, 2022). The problem is that the concept and approach to ensuring environmental justice based on experience do not correspond to the new realities.…”

Effects of democracy, social inequality and economic growth on climate justice: An analysis with structural equation modelling

“…Finally, Climate Justice measures the performance of countries in converting human development into climate actions (adaptation and mitigation) and also the other way around, that is, the performance assessed by converting climate actions into human development improvements (Furlan & Mariano, 2021). Given this definition, the climate justice index is based on indicators related to the three basic dimensions of human development (health, education, and income) and on indicators of climate adaptation and mitigation actions, because climate actions reinforce human development and human development is important in providing the means by which climate action takes place (Furlan & Mariano, 2022a).…”

“…Newell et al (2021) defend the definition that humanity is responsible for the impacts of greenhouse gas emissions on the most vulnerable, being necessary to address inequality and promote transformations that generate change. In a more recent study, Furlan and Mariano (2022a) suggest that the definition of climate justice is “the individual's ability to make the choices he/she values for current climate challenges, to preserve his/her freedom of action and his/her climate well‐being.” This last definition is also supported by the capability approach, cited above, relating human development and climate actions (adaptation and mitigation).…”

“…In this way, recent research on climate justice has relied heavily on the capability approach of Sen (1999) to analyze social justice in the context of climate change (Gough, 2015; Hillerbrand et al, 2021; Lyster, 2017). There are several definitions for climate justice, in this study we adopted the definition of (Furlan & Mariano, 2022a), which defines it as:

…an individual's ability to make choices regarding current climate challenges, preserving the freedom of action and climate well‐being. From this perspective, climate justice can be measured based on the relationship (cyclical relationship) between human development and climate adaptation and mitigation actions, from which it is possible to assess the level of climate justice of a given country (Furlan & Mariano, 2021).

…”