A consistent view of interacting dark energy from multiple CMB probes

We present an updated analysis of eleven cosmological models that may help reduce the Hubble tension, which now reaches the 6σ level when considering the latest SH0ES measurement versus recent CMB and BAO data, assuming ΛCDM. Specifically, we look at five classical extensions of ΛCDM (with massive neutrinos, spatial curvature, free-streaming or self-interacting relativistic relics, or dynamical dark energy) and six elaborate models featuring either a time-varying electron mass, early dark energy or some non-trivial interactions in the neutrino sector triggered by a light Majoron. We improve over previous works in several ways. We include the latest data from the South Pole Telescope as well as the most recent measurement of the Hubble rate by the SH0ES collaboration. We treat the summed neutrino mass as a free parameter in most of our models, which reveals interesting degeneracies and constraints. We define additional metrics to assess the potential of a model to reduce or even solve the Hubble tension. We validate an emulator that uses active learning to train itself during each parameter inference run for any arbitrary model. We find that the time-varying electron mass and the Majoron models are now ruled out at more than 3σ. Models with a time-varying electron mass and spatial curvature or with early dark energy reduce the tension to 1.0-2.9σ. Nevertheless, none of the models considered in this work is favored with enough statistical significance to become the next concordance model of Cosmology.

Section: Jcap04(2024)059mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Hubble tension solutions with new SH0ES and SPT-3G data

Khalife,

Zanjani,

Galli

et al. 2024

“…the Hubble tension [34,44,46,47,[69][70][71][72][73][74] while a coupled quintessence might give a different result [74,75].…”

Section: Jcap09(2023)017mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to this fact, the gauged quintessence might relax the drawbacks of quintessence on Hubble tension. Also, recent studies suggest that scenarios containing the couplings between dark energy and dark matter could be a viable solution to Hubble tension [34,35,40,47,77].…”

Section: Jcap09(2023)017mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, the Hubble tension, a 5σ discrepancy between the early universe measurement by Planck [27] and the late universe measurement by SH0ES [28] on the Hubble constant, has emerged as a significant challenge to the Λ-CDM model [29][30][31][32][33]. Since it is a deviation between the experimental data and Λ-CDM model, this tension triggered a sharp increase in dark energy research [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. Therefore, exploring alternatives like quintessence and other dark energy scenarios is warranted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Misalignment mechanism for a mass-varying vector boson

Kaneta,

Lee,

Lee

et al. 2023

A coherent field over the entire universe is an attractive picture in studying the dark sector of the universe. The misalignment mechanism, which relies on inflation to achieve homogeneousness of the field, is a popular mechanism for producing such a coherent dark matter. Nevertheless, unlike a scalar field case, a vector boson field suffers because its energy density is exponentially suppressed by the scale factor during the cosmic expansion. We show that if the vector field gets a mass from a scalar field, whose value increases by orders of magnitude, the suppression can be compensated, and the misalignment can produce the coherent vector boson that has a sizable amount of energy density in the present universe. Quintessence can be such a scalar field.

“…. Recent studies [96,134] found that when using current cosmological data, the interaction could be so intense as to imply w eff,DM ∼ 1/3. We will make use of these results as a motivation to relax the constrain on Π DE , so we will allow…”

Section: Jcap11(2023)051mentioning

confidence: 99%

Model-independent reconstruction of the interacting dark energy kernel: Binned and Gaussian process

Escamilla,

Akarsu,

Di Valentino

et al. 2023

The cosmological dark sector remains an enigma, offering numerous possibilities for exploration. One particularly intriguing option is the (non-minimal) interaction scenario between dark matter and dark energy. In this paper, to investigate this scenario, we have implemented Binned and Gaussian model-independent reconstructions for the interaction kernel alongside the equation of state; while using data from BAOs, Pantheon+ and Cosmic Chronometers. In addition to the reconstruction process, we conducted a model selection to analyze how our methodology performed against the standard ΛCDM model. The results revealed a slight indication, of at least 1σ confidence level, for some oscillatory dynamics in the interaction kernel and, as a by-product, also in the DE and DM. A consequence of this outcome is the possibility of a sign change in the direction of the energy transfer between DE and DM and a possible transition from a negative DE energy density in early-times to a positive one at late-times. While our reconstructions provided a better fit to the data compared to the standard model, the Bayesian Evidence showed an intrinsic penalization due to the extra degrees of freedom. Nevertheless these reconstructions could be used as a basis for other physical models with lower complexity but similar behavior.