A Contribution to Social Acceptance of PV in an Oil-Rich Country: Reflections on Governmental Organisations in Iran

Abstract

To examine the social acceptance of renewable energy infrastructures regarding their position in the success of energy transition, attitudes towards these technologies have been increasingly recognised to play an important role. Notably, most of empirical literature has focused on the global northern countries, with bottom-up transition governance structure. In this paper, we study attitudes towards photovoltaics in Iran, as a fossil fuel-rich country of the global south, with a top-down energy transition structure and committed to UNFCCC. We focused on governmental organisations as a key stakeholder group regarding their role in winning public acceptance. Aiming at finding determinants of attitudes towards PV, we conducted 15 qualitative interviews in 10 governmental organisations in Golestan, Guilan and Tehran. Taking an inductive approach to the data, we considered the acceptance and attitude theories as sensitising concepts to investigate common and specific issues in terms of social acceptance in Iran. We find accessing electricity and diversifying electricity resources via PV as the key technical drivers, and the upstream policies as the key political drivers towards PV adoption. Though the weak policies (design and implementation), privileging economic and technical obstacles, do hinder the PV adoption and shape negative attitudes toward it. We realise that the previous literature overlooked the fossil fuel-rich countries and their energy transition governance structure. Our findings imply that better-designed upstream policies with a more enabling policy framework are needed to motivate actions on the governmental organisation level.

Solar Business in an Oil-Rich Country? A Socio-Technical Investigation of Solar PV Businesses in Iran

“…Considering the highly subsidies to fossil, and increasing energy intensity [39] on the one hand, and the energy imbalances on the other hand, does call for more attention regarding the threat of RE addition to the top of energy consumption, instead of a real switch from fossil to RE [58]. A similar concept, under the title of "diversifying electricity resources via solar PV", was also found as a driver among Iranian governmental organisations in another article of mine [59]. A common attitude toward transition to RE resources among two key stakeholders' groups in a fossil fuel-rich country, strengthens the hypothesis of RE addition over the top of fossil energy in similar contexts.…”

Solar Business in an Oil-Rich Country? A Socio-technical Investigation of Solar PV Businesses in Iran

“…This is because of diesel generators that burn directly diesel and would be better substituted with solar system in regions like Sistan in which the prices are high to control the smuggling from the geographical barrier to other neighbouring countries. Other case, happens among the remote area off-grid adopters for which a new conventional power access does persuade them to sell their solar systems and switch easily to conventional electricity that has mainly technical reasons (regarding efficiency and stability [73]). Misunderstanding of the market, by solar businesses; and this could shape some less efficient mechanisms to extend/accelerate the diffusion!!!…”