A contribution to the characterization of heat-treated electrocatalytically active tetramethoxy-phenylporphyrinato-cobalt-II

Fuhrmann, Arin‐Daniel; Wiesener, Κ.; Iliev, I.; Gamburzev, S.; Kaisheva, A.

doi:10.1016/0378-7753(81)80007-9

Cited by 26 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The nature of the ORR active site moieties for pyrolyzed nonprecious M–N/C catalysts in acid solution is under constant debate. It is still unknown whether the transition metal center acts as the locale for catalytic activity or whether the transition metal merely catalyzes the formation of active nitrogen–carbon functionalities. ,,,− Regardless, the combination of a transition metal, nitrogen, and a carbon source is required to create active catalysts. Among the transition metals used, iron has been shown to result in catalysts with the highest catalytic activity toward the oxygen reduction reaction. ,,,, In most cases, the nitrogen precursor is an organic carbon containing compound, ,,− although success with catalysts using gaseous nitrogen precursors has also been observed. ,− …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat-Treated Nonprecious Catalyst Using Fe and Nitrogen-Rich 2,3,7,8-Tetra(pyridin-2-yl)pyrazino[2,3-g]quinoxaline Coordinated Complex for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in PEM Fuel Cells

Higgins

et al. 2011

J. Phys. Chem. C

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells have garnered widespread attention due to their potential application as stationary, mobile, and transportation power devices. The sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics occurring at the cathode is considered the primary limiting factor facing the performance of these devices. As of now, platinum-based catalysts are the only commercially available option that show the best performance and stability under the harsh acidic conditions encountered at the cathode. The excessive cost and limited supply of platinum hinders the economical feasibility of these devices. Two approaches can be taken to offset the high cost of platinum; (1) increase platinum utilization at the cathode in order to reduce the overall platinum requirement, 1,2 or (2) completely replace platinum by nonprecious metal alternatives. 3À5 In the long term, due to limited supply of platinum, it is more desirable to develop non-platinum, nonprecious catalysts.Research in transition metal organic complexes as nonprecious ORR catalyst alternatives began in the 1960s 3 with the investigation of transition metal macrocyclic complexes. Later studies indicated that the pyrolysis of these transition metal macrocycles could lead to significant improvement in both activity and stability. 4À10 Drawing on this, a significant breakthrough was achieved years later when researchers demonstrated the potential of creating active catalyst materials by pyrolysis methods without the use of expensive macrocyclic precursors. 10À12 These active catalysts were synthesized through the pyrolysis of separate nitrogen, carbon, and transition metal precursors, resulting in a promising class of MÀN/C catalysts (M = Fe, Co). Although the

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat-Treated Nonprecious Catalyst Using Fe and Nitrogen-Rich 2,3,7,8-Tetra(pyridin-2-yl)pyrazino[2,3-g]quinoxaline Coordinated Complex for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in PEM Fuel Cells

Higgins

et al. 2011

J. Phys. Chem. C

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Jahnke 等 [18] 于 1974 率先报道了热处理碳载体负载的过渡金属大环化合物用于 ORR 催化 , 之后 Bagotzky [19] , Wiesner 和 Fuhrmann [20] 也进行了相似的研究. 他们都认为在惰性气氛(N 2 , Ar 等)下高温(400～ 1000 ℃)热处理碳载过渡金属大环化合物能得到活性和稳定性更好的催化剂.…”

Section: M-n-c 催化剂的制备unclassified

A Review of Carbon-based Non-noble Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Zhong¹,

Wang²,

Yu³

et al. 2017

Acta Chim. Sinica

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) that directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy can be applied to portable power and fuel cell electric vehicles, due to their advantages such as environment-friendliness, high power density and high convert efficiency. However, the high loading of Pt-based catalysts on the cathode oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) hinder the commercial application of PEMFCs for the high price, resource shortage and easy poisoning of Pt. Thus, developing inexpensive, high performance and durability non-noble metal cathode catalysts will promote the large-scale commercialization of PEMFCs. As the most likely alternative to Pt, carbon-based non-noble ORR catalysts have been widely studied. In this review, firstly, the electrocatalytic mechanism for ORR is simply introduced. Secondly, the carbon-based non-noble ORR catalysts are divided into transition metal-nitrogen-carbon compounds (M-N-C) and non-metal heteroatom-doped carbon catalysts; the researches of material preparations and active sites are summarized and discussed. Thirdly, the applications of carbon-based non-noble ORR catalysts in PEMFC are reviewed. Although great progress has been achieved in this area of research and development, there are still some challenges for carbon-based non-noble ORR catalysts. Firstly, the ORR electrocatalytic mechanism isn't clear, especially carbon-based non-noble catalysts. Secondly, the ORR active sites of carbon-based non-noble catalysts remain controversial, which can be mainly divided into the transition metal coordination compounds, the doped heteroatom, the filled metal and the defect sites. Thirdly, the actual activity and stability of carbon-based non-noble catalysts are still below the PEMFC target. In summary, the future research directions on carbon-based non-noble catalysts for PEMFC applications would be proposed as follows: (1) fundamentally understanding the ORR mechanisms and their relationship with catalyst active site structures and composition using both theoretical calculations and experimental approaches; (2) improving catalyst activity and stability to satisfy the practical application of PEMFC.

show abstract

“…High temperature pyrolysis of these compounds has also been shown to improve the activity and stability of these catalysts in acidic conditions (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Following this work, it was shown that pyrolysis of separate cheaper pre-cursors containing carbon, nitrogen, and iron produces a catalyst active towards ORR (15,16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospun Iron/Polyacrylonitrile Derived Nanofibrous Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Higgins

Chen

2013

ECS Trans.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the current work, non-precious nanofibrous catalysts were prepared by electrospinning a solution of iron acetate and polyacrylonitrile and subjecting the electrospun fibers to high temperature pyrolysis. The resulting nanofibrous catalysts were evaluated for their ORR activity and characterized via SEM, BET surface area analysis, and XPS. The nanofibrous catalysts were also acid leached and exposed to a second high temperature pyrolysis. The acid leached and re-pyrolyzed catalyst showed improved ORR activity. Physical characterization of the repyrolyzed catalyst suggests that the catalyst exhibits higher ORR activity that may be due to increased surface area and micropore volume.

show abstract

A contribution to the characterization of heat-treated electrocatalytically active tetramethoxy-phenylporphyrinato-cobalt-II

Cited by 26 publications

References 8 publications

Heat-Treated Nonprecious Catalyst Using Fe and Nitrogen-Rich 2,3,7,8-Tetra(pyridin-2-yl)pyrazino[2,3-g]quinoxaline Coordinated Complex for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in PEM Fuel Cells

Heat-Treated Nonprecious Catalyst Using Fe and Nitrogen-Rich 2,3,7,8-Tetra(pyridin-2-yl)pyrazino[2,3-g]quinoxaline Coordinated Complex for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in PEM Fuel Cells

A Review of Carbon-based Non-noble Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Electrospun Iron/Polyacrylonitrile Derived Nanofibrous Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About