A controllable spin flip and filter in zigzag graphene nanoribbons with triangular defect

Highly sensitive plasmonic sensor based on eccentric-core photonic crystal fibers

“…There are various types of thermometers, such as mercury thermometers, resistance thermometers, and infrared thermometers, 58,59 which have different application scenarios according to their characteristics, but their inability to measure over long distances, their sensitivity to ambient humidity, their unsuitability for vacuum-tight environments, or their bulky size greatly limit their use. Although mercury thermometers are characterized by a simple structure, ease of use, and large measuring range, mercury is a highly toxic substance that is extremely harmful to the human body or environment and it is ultimately destined to be replaced.…”

Controlling the spin current around the rectangular cavities in two-dimensional topological insulators

“…8 On the other hand, once the TRS in a TI is broken, 11 for instance by using magnetic defects, 12 ferromagnets, 13,14 or a magnetic field, 15,16 a quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAH) phenomenon can occur, 17 which corresponds to the chiral edge where the spin-up and spin-down modes flow along the same direction on the same upper or lower edges. The breaking of the TRS in 2D TIs can be employed for the creation of nearly perfectly spin-polarized currents, 18 such as highly tunable spin diodes, 19,20 spin valves, 21,22 spin filters, 23–25 and bipolar spin transistors. 26,27 Graphene, 18 silene, 28 and germanium 29 are materials currently being studied as two-dimensional TIs, especially graphene, which has good electron mobility at room temperature.…”