A Convenient Method to Aniline Compounds Using Microwave-Assisted Transfer Hydrogenation

Chapman, Nicholas; Conway, Benjamin; O'Grady, Fiona; Wall, Michael

doi:10.1055/s-2006-939062

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Thus in the first step nitro compound 2 was reduced to the amine 3 according to Ref. [20]. Then, the crude product 3 was allowed to react with an equimolar amount of 1 for 10 min at 120 °C in the MW oven.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formation of epoxide-amine oligo-adducts as OH-functionalized initiators for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone

Theis¹,

Ritter

2010

Beilstein J. Org. Chem.

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SummaryEpoxide-amine oligo-adducts were synthesized via a one-pot microwave assisted heterogeneous catalytic transfer hydrogenation. Accordingly, 4-nitroanisole was reduced under microwave conditions to give 4-aminoanisole which reacted immediately with the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A in an addition polymerization reaction to yield oligo(amino alcohol)s. The hydroxy groups of the new formed oligomers were used as the initiator for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone to produce a graft copolymer.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since many laboratory MW reactors are constructed to work under pressure, the MW tube can be regarded as a small autoclave. Therefore, this reaction can be performed either by using gaseous hydrogen [13–14] or by addition of a hydrogen source such as ammonium formate [15–19] or methylcyclohexenes [20]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of epoxide-amine oligo-adducts as OH-functionalized initiators for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone

Theis¹,

Ritter

2010

Beilstein J. Org. Chem.

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A High Mobility Reactor Unit for R&D Continuous Flow Transfer Hydrogenations

Jensen

Thykier

Enevoldsen

et al. 2017

Org. Process Res. Dev.

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A suitcase sized mobile reactor unit (MRU) weighing in at less than 10 kg was designed for laboratory scale transfer hydrogenations in continuous flow. Simple cyclohexene and a cosolvent in combination with a palladium-on-charcoal packed bed reactor provided a setup with isolation of nearly all products without the need for further purification. Several functional groups including olefins, triple bonds, nitro-groups, carbonyls, and so forth were effectively reduced with retention times as low as 2 min. Additionally, standard protection groups such as Cbz, benzyl, and allyl ether or esters were removed in high yields. To prove the flexibility of the setup an example of the Mizoroki−Heck reaction was also performed on the MRU. Finally, two scale-up transfer hydrogenation experiments were performed affording isolation of the desired target compounds in 0.5 and 0.8 mol scales with less than 4 h of continuous operation on the MRU.

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Microwaves in the Catalytic Valorisation of Biomass Derivatives

Priecel

Mejia

Carà

et al. 2018

Sustainable Catalysis for Biorefineries

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The application of microwave irradiation in the transformation of biomass has been receiving particular interest in recent years due to the use of polar media in such processes and it is now well-known that for biomass conversion, and particularly for lignocellulose hydrolysis, microwave irradiation can dramatically increase reaction rates with no negative consequences on product selectivity. However, it is only in the last ten years that the utilisation of microwaves has been coupled with catalysis aiming towards valorising biomass components or their derivatives via a range of reactions where high selectivity is required in addition to enhanced conversions. The reduced reaction times and superior yields are particularly attractive as they might facilitate the transition towards flow reactors and intensified production. As a consequence, several reports now describe the catalytic transformation of biomass derivatives via hydrogenation, oxidation, dehydration, esterification and transesterification using microwaves. Clearly, this technology has a huge potential for biomass conversion towards chemicals and fuels and will be an important tool within the biorefinery toolkit. The aim of this chapter is to give the reader an overview of the exciting scientific work carried out to date where microwave reactors and catalysis are combined in the transformation of biomass and its derivatives to higher value molecules and products.

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A Convenient Method to Aniline Compounds Using Microwave-Assisted Transfer Hydrogenation

Abstract: The reduction of mononitro and dinitro aromatic compounds to their aniline analogues using microwave-assisted transfer hydrogenation has been demonstrated. The optimised conditions used, with some examples, are described herein.

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Formation of epoxide-amine oligo-adducts as OH-functionalized initiators for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone

Formation of epoxide-amine oligo-adducts as OH-functionalized initiators for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone

A High Mobility Reactor Unit for R&D Continuous Flow Transfer Hydrogenations

Microwaves in the Catalytic Valorisation of Biomass Derivatives

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