A Critical Review on Effect of Nanomaterials on Workability and Mechanical Properties of High‐Performance Concrete

Abstract

The application of nanomaterials in high-performance concrete (HPC) has been extensively studied worldwide due to their large surface areas, small particle sizes, filling effects, and macroquantum tunneling effects. The addition of nanomaterials in HPC has great contribution to enhancing the pore size of the cementitious matrix, improving the hydration of cement, and making the matrix much denser. In order to present an exhaustive insight into the feasibility of HPC reinforced with nanomaterials, the new development of HPC was summarized and the influence of different nanomaterials on the properties of HPC was reviewed based on more than 100 recent studies in this literature review. Workability, compressive strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength properties of HPC with nanomaterials were discussed in detail. In addition, nanomaterial-modified HPC was compared with the traditional concrete and obtained a lot of valuable results. The results in the present review indicate that the addition of various nanomaterials improves the mechanical properties of HPC, while reducing the workability of HPC. However, there is an optimal dosage of nanomaterial for improving the mechanical properties of HPC. Improving the properties of HPC by adding nanomaterials is expected to become a mainstream technique in the future. This literature review can provide comprehensive and systematic knowledge to researchers and engineers working on HPC and promote the application of this new HPC in modern civil engineering.

Evaluation of gamma ray attenuation properties of normal concrete with some nano materials using Monte Carlo simulation and experimental measurements.

“…The results of density of all mixes are presented in Table (5) and Figure (10). As expected, the NMk mix has a higher density than that of the control, NC, or NS mix.…”

“…They concluded that the incorporation of nano silica in cement paste and mortar with the right composition will improve their mechanical properties. The positive impacts of utilizing nano silica in concrete, cement paste and mortar have appeared in earlier publications [7][8][9][10]. Ghafarti et al [11] and Tawfik et al [12] achieved the best performance of concrete when using 3 wt.…”

Nanotechnology: A Revolution in Modern Industry

“…Modern industries such as textiles, automotive, civil engineering, construction, solar technologies, environmental applications, medicine, transportation agriculture, and food processing, among others are largely reaping the benefits of nano-scale computer chips and other devices. In simple terms, everything out there in nanoindustrial applications has something to do with computer-based applications in the nanoindustry [ 31 , 32 , 33 ]. Thus, all the applications discussed in this review more or less originate from nanocomputers.…”

“…Apart from cement formulations, nanoparticles are included in repair mortars and concrete with healing properties that help in crack recovery in buildings. Furthermore, nanostructures, titanium dioxide, zinc, and other metallic oxides are being employed for the production of photocatalytic products with antipathogenic, self-cleaning, and water- and germ-repellent built-in technologies [ 33 ]. Similarly, quantum dot technologies are progressively employed for solar energy generation (a concept discussed later).…”

Shear Strength of Nano Silica High-Strength Reinforced Concrete Beams

“…The use of nano silica (NS) for supplementing cementing materials is a new technology that has been applied to concrete manufacturing to enhance the mechanical properties of hardened concrete [ 1 ]. In general, nanomaterials have been utilized in enhancing the performance of concrete due to their compacting microstructure influence and hastening the reaction of cement hydration [ 2 , 3 ]. Currently, NS has gained the attention of reinforced concrete (RC) investigators due to its significant enhancement of mechanical and chemical performance in RC structures.…”