A Critical Review on Expansive Soils Including the Influence of Hydrocarbon Pollution and the Use of Electrical Resistivity to Evaluate their Properties

Abstract

This paper reviews the studies on expansive soil with a main focus on failure mechanism, financial losses, mineralogy, determination of swelling parameters and others. Effect of hydrocarbon pollution on geotechnical properties of expansive soil was presented. The paper discussed the assessment of electrical response of contaminated swelling soils. Wide extend of expansive grounds around the world and the serious impact created on infrastructures requires to identify its influential aspects and the appropriate treatments. Also, it was found that petroleum product affect significantly on the basic properties of swelling soils such as gradation, consistency, compaction, swelling and others, and electrical resistivity can be employed to reveal the electrical characteristics of polluted expansive soil.

The effect of Lubricant Oilson the Swelling Behavior of Loam

“…On the other hand, the plasticity index showed a noticeable decrease at 7.5% as it was decreased by 87% as shown in figure (4,5).We can conclude that the lubricant oil was able to transform the soil -90 -from very high expansive soil to a low expansive soil based on Holtz and Gibbs (1956) [9].…”

“…Insurance companies in USA spend millions of dollars annually to repair the damage of the lightly loaded constructions resting on such soils. [4] As result to the swelling soil hazards that were mentioned, Searches has been made to stabilize the swelling soil and to eliminate its hazards.The most used method was adding lime or cement or bothto the soils.In-spite of their effectiveness, they cannot be used in every needed times due to their industrial priorities and their increasing costs.Therefore, the need of a new chemical additives which can eliminate these drawbacks were needed.Thus, this work aims to study the effect of usingLubricant oilon the swelling behavior of the tested soil to be capable to be an adequate fill instead of importing a new one. Lubricant oilsare used in the industries to lubricate the machine parts and then it becomes useless to the industry.…”

Stabilization of Expansive Soil Mixture Using Human Hair Fibre (Biopolymer)

“…The presence of expansive clay minerals in soils can cause excessive swelling when the soil comes into contact with water and is a problem [1]. Their swelling and shrinkage behavior demand special attention during foundation and pavement construction projects [2]. To tackle these challenges, soil stabilization is extensively researched to enhance its geotechnical properties such as compressibility, permeability, and strength [3,4].…”