With the continuous progress and development of the world's economy and science, people's awareness of environmental protection has gradually increased. Polymer materials have brought great convenience to modern people's daily life and work, and their application fields are becoming wider. However, on the one hand, the comprehensive application of polymer materials has greatly improved our level of people's daily life, and on the other hand, it also brings a certain pollution to the environment. Because some traditional polymer composites can not degrade immediately, there may be a big problem of pollution and emission. Therefore, how to develop a biodegradable polymer material has become a research hotspot. This paper reviewed the current market share of biodegradable polymers, the classification of current biodegradable polymers, and the applications of biodegradable polymers. By providing that information, this paper aims to help understand the big picture of biodegradable polymers and contribute to their future developments.