A cross sectional study on prevalence of PCOS and risk factors associated with it among medical students

Aggarwal, Mihika; Yadav, Pratiksha; Badhe, Satyendra; Deolekar, Pradnya

doi:10.18231/j.ijogr.2019.112

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…At the global level, the incidence of PCOS is about 15-20% according to the study carried out by Patel in 2018.The study carried out in 2008 by Allahabadiaand Merchant, the incidence of PCOS reported in Indian subcontinent was 5-10%. However, a recent study states the incidence of PCOS to be 21.05% in India (Aggarwal et al, 2019).This prevalence rate observed among medical students of age group 17-24 from Mumbai.Another study indicates the prevalence to be 3.7 -22.5% within India (Ganie et al, 2019). The broad-spectrum range in prevalence may be due to the lifestyle of urban or rural pattern and the criteria used to diagnose the PCOS.…”

Section: Incidence Of Pcosmentioning

confidence: 94%

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), A Distress of Female Reproductive Health

Bhalerao¹,

Aranha²

2021

ash

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Women of reproductive age are suffering from severe hormonal imbalance due to polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).Clinical manifestations of PCOS are diverse including hyperandrogenism, anovulation, infertility and increased risk of metabolic diseases besides psychosocial dysfunction.Additionally, PCOS leads to various other disturbances such as glucose tolerance, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, obesity and metabolic disturbances. Environmental pollutants and Xenobiotic compounds cause changes in gut microbiota, which further affects metabolism causing metabolic disturbances may lead to PCOS.Various metabolic anomalies resulting from interaction with xenobiotic compounds and environmental pollutants contribute for hormonal imbalance. It is an interlinked vicious circle affected by epigenetic and environmental parameters.Epigenetic approach and molecular analysis of genes involved in PCOS is essential for specific treatment.Biochemical markers like assessment of hormones(hyperandrogenism)and ultrasound (in patients above twenty years of age)used as diagnostic parameters for detection of PCOS. Adaptinga healthy lifestyle and minimal exposure to xenobiotic compounds and resetting the disturbed sleep cycle will benefit the patient. Study of molecular markers will help in treating the PCOS in a better manner. This review focuses on important parameters of pathophysiology, which will help in understanding andcreating awarenesson PCOS.

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Section: Incidence Of Pcosmentioning

confidence: 94%

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), A Distress of Female Reproductive Health

Bhalerao¹,

Aranha²

2021

ash

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“…This observation of prevalence is higher than the previous observed studies in the general population [45] indicating the medical students have additional risk factors triggering PCOS. Shreeyanta [14], Swetha [38], Sogasu [39], Aggarwal [40], Tahir [41], Ahmad [42], Fattah [44] Major Risk Factors and Medical History of Family Among the included articles, three studies indicated major risk factors associated with PCOS and four studies indicated previous medical history in the family among the students [14,[40][41][42]44]. The risk factors included preexisting obesity, endocrine issues such as hypothyroidism, mental issues such as anxiety or mood disorders, anorexia or bulimia, hypertension, diabetes, alcohol intake and smoking, lack of physical exercise, and frequent use of contraceptives.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The odds ratio of developing PCOS was 3.22 times higher in people taking contraceptives and hormonal medication than people taking no medication as reported by the same study. Four of the included studies also reported the past medical history of the family with PCOS [14,40,41]. Positive family history of PCOS was identified in 2.9%, 58.3%, and 12.6% of the students in three out of four studies.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three of the four studies that reported pharmacological intervention mentioned the usage of metformin alone or in combination with oral contraceptive pills [40][41][42]. One study reported 52% usage of iron supplements for anemia associated with PCOS and 56% of the students with PCOS demonstrated an improvement in Hb levels following the use of iron supplements [39].…”

Section: Various Interventions By Students To Alleviate Pcos Complica...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The usage of herbal medication was prevalent in one study [41]. Interestingly, 76.6%, 29.1% and 19.4% students with PCOS in two separate studies also indicated not taking any treatment to alleviate the complications [40][41][42].…”

Section: Various Interventions By Students To Alleviate Pcos Complica...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence and Health Impact of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Among Medical and Dental Students

Coffin¹,

Wray²,

Sah³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Women currently comprise the majority of students graduating from medical school and face unique stressors not seen with their male counterparts. In particular, during their medical education, women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) experience symptoms of the disorder, which strongly impact both their academic and social lives. This in turn influences their academic and professional future. Although women as medical professionals, in general, are happy with their careers, awareness, and understanding on the part of medical educators will definitely be helpful to women medical students in their path to being successful medical professionals. The first objective of our current study is to find the prevalence of PCOS in medical and dental students. The second objective is to find the academic and health impacts of PCOS and what type of interventions are being adopted to relieve the symptoms. Using the keywords such as "PCOS," "medical students," and "dental students", the search engines PubMed, Embase, and Scopus were used to retrieve relevant articles published from 2020 to 2022. After removing the duplicates, 11 prospective cross-sectional studies were utilized for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The pooled prevalence of 2,206 female medical students diagnosed with PCOS was 24.7%. The students in the various studies were aware of their PCOS diagnosis and were taking therapeutic medications. The most common associated complications reported were BMI abnormalities, abnormal hair growth, and acne, along with other complications such as stress and poor academic and social life. The majority also had significant family histories of concurrent clinical conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and other menstrual abnormalities. Considering the huge impact of PCOS, medical educators, policymakers, and all stakeholders should take proactive measures to accommodate students' needs and bridge the social gap. Special awareness of needed lifestyle changes should be a part of the medical education curriculum for an inclusive educational environment, as it will minimize the gender discrepancy in academic satisfaction and professional life.

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The Association Between Obesity and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Epidemiologic Study of Observational Data

Amiri,

Hatoum,

Hopkins

et al. 2024

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism

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Background Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common female cardio-metabolic-reproductive disorder. It is unclear whether the global obesity epidemic is impacting the high PCOS prevalence. Objective To determine the extent to which obesity contributes to the PCOS development globally. Materials and methods A systematic review was conducted to identify population studies on PCOS prevalence globally, through July 2023. Linear regression and random-effect models were applied to examine the association of mean body mass index (BMI) or obesity prevalence with the prevalence of PCOS diagnosed by 1990 National Institute of Health (NIH), 2003 Rotterdam (Rotterdam), and 2006 Androgen Excess-PCOS (AE-PCOS) criteria. Subgroup analyses were also conducted for recruitment methods and study quality. Results Fifty-eight studies with 85,956 adults from 24 countries were included. Considering all available data, a borderline association was observed between PCOS and obesity prevalence when using the AE-PCOS, but not the NIH or Rotterdam criteria. Alternatively, subgroup analysis of studies with better recruitment methods demonstrated a significant positive association of population mean BMI or obesity prevalence with PCOS prevalence when using the Rotterdam or AE-PCOS criteria, while using only high-quality studies revealed an association using NIH as well as Rotterdam and AE-PCOS criteria. Overall, we observed that a 1% increase in obesity prevalence resulted in an approximately 0.4% increase in PCOS prevalence by the Rotterdam criteria. Conclusions These data indicate that obesity increases the development of PCOS, although the effect is modest. Our data also emphasizes the need to undertake only high-quality studies in assessing PCOS epidemiology

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A cross sectional study on prevalence of PCOS and risk factors associated with it among medical students

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), A Distress of Female Reproductive Health

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), A Distress of Female Reproductive Health

A Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence and Health Impact of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Among Medical and Dental Students

The Association Between Obesity and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Epidemiologic Study of Observational Data

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