A Cross‐Sectional Study on Osteocalcin Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid From Periodontal Patients

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to determine the levels of osteocalcin, a bone specific matrix protein, in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from periodontal disease patients and to investigate the relationship between GCF osteocalcin levels and clinical parameters. Nineteen initial visit patients, 5 patients with gingivitis and 14 patients with adult periodontitis, participated in this study. The clinical parameters including probing depth, attachment level, gingival index, and tooth mobility were recorded following careful sampling of GCF with a filter paper strip harvested for 3 minutes. Osteocalcin adsorbed on a strip was extracted in a plastic tube containing 150 microliters of 10 mM sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.5). GCF osteocalcin was determined by a newly-developed, high sensitive enzyme immunoassay which could recognize the N-terminal 20 residue peptide. In gingivitis patients, no significant amounts of osteocalcin were detected. In periodontitis patients, on the other hand, osteocalcin levels were detected, ranging between 0 and 540 pg/tube and positively correlated with these clinical parameters (P < 0.01). Moreover, in several sites in GI = 3 group, extremely higher levels of GCF osteocalcin were detected. These results strongly suggest that in addition to the presence of GCF osteocalcin the levels of osteocalcin may reflect the degree of the periodontal inflammation at the sampled sites.

Gingival Crevicular Fluid Osteocalcin Levels in Elderly Patient with Periodontal Disease

“…Kunimatsu et all. 13 did not find osteocalcin in GCF of patients with gingivitis, while in periodontitis GCF osteocalcinwas positively correlatedwith clinical parameters. Lee et al 14 demonstrated similar GCF osteocalcin levels in diseased and healthy sites in patients with CP.…”

Gingival Crevicular Fluid Calprotectin, Osteocalcin and Cross-Linked N-Terminal Telopeptid Levels in Health and Different Periodontal Diseases

“…On the other hand, there is a controversy about the GCF osteocalcin levels in periodontal diseases. Kunimatsu et al [53] did not find osteocalcin in GCF of patients with gingivitis, while in periodontitis GCF osteocalcin was positively correlated with clinical parameters. Lee et al [32] demonstrated similar GCF osteocalcin levels in diseased and healthy sites in patients with CP.…”

A matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor reduces bone-type collagen degradation fragments and specific collagenases in gingival crevicular fluid during adult periodontitis

“…This technique was similar to that described by Kunimatsu et al [27]. After thawing, each GCF sample was extracted in 70 l PBS (pH 7.4) containing the proteinase inhibitors, 1 mM PMSF and 5 mM soybean trypsin inhibitor, for 15 min at 4 ЊC.…”

“…Osteocalcin is one of the most abundant non-collagenous proteins in bone matrix, is considered a diagnostic parameter of osteoblast activity and bone formation, and has been detected in the GCF of humans and experimental animals with periodontal disease [23,27,28]. However, like several earlier reports [27,28], the current study detected only a weak-moderate correlation between GCF osteocalcin levels and clinical indices of periodontal disease severity, and all of these periodontal studies seem to agree with the guarded views expressed in two review articles [21,43] on the value of serum osteocalcin as a diagnostic marker of bone formation in patients with metabolic bone diseases. Also consistent with the above observations: of the three bone markers examined in the current study, osteocalcin was the least sensitive to change; 316 L. M. Golub et al…”

“…Osteocalcin, a marker of bone formation [23,27,28], and collagenase type (MMP-1, MMP-8 and MMP-13) and activity (collagenase activity is often cited as a marker of periodontal breakdown [3,7,11,12,31,53]) were also measured in the GCF of adult periodontitis patients.…”