A Data Science Approach for Analysis of Multi-Pass Wire Drawing

Abstract

The process of reducing the cross-section of a wire by pulling the wire through a series of dies belongs to a special class of manufacturing processes that have a sequential nature. In each pass, the diameter of incoming wire is reduced by a certain factor. Determining number of passes and their configurations required to achieve the desired reduction while optimizing properties such as tensile strength, strain distribution, energy consumption, etc. is an optimization problem. An essential building block of this optimization problem is a model of a drawing pass that can predict the output properties for a given parameter configuration of the pass (forward inference), or its inverse, i.e. predict the configuration parameters required to achieve the desired properties. In this paper, we present a case study on the application of Bayesian networks to address the problem of inference in multi-pass wire drawing. Also we explore the building of a generic model that can be used for any pass and compare its effectiveness with pass-specific models. Our findings so far are as follows: For forward inference, the generic model has prediction accuracy close enough to pass-specific models. Given that it can be used to solve a problem with arbitrary number of passes, this model is clearly more useful. Further, this being a generative model, it can be used for inverse inference as well.

Biodegradable Metallic Wires in Dental and Orthopedic Applications: A Review

“…An ideal coating material for bone applications should be able to enhance the biocompatibility and osteointegration properties of Mg-based alloys and simultaneously increase the corrosion resistance. As discussed in Section 2.1.1, coating with Mg(OH) 2 [159,160] could enhance bone formation and passivate the Mg-based wires to decrease the corrosion rate as well. The synthetic calcium phosphate coatings [151,161,162] can definitely facilitate the new bone formation.…”

“…Both of Mg(OH) 2 and MgO are beneficial inorganic materials to the body [28]. In addition to the conventional medical application of Mg(OH) 2 which has been widely used as an antacid to neutralize stomach acid and a laxative, it also possesses numerous valuable properties including excellent biocompatibility, nontoxic antibacterial activity, and high drug loading ability [29].…”

“…In addition to the conventional medical application of Mg(OH) 2 which has been widely used as an antacid to neutralize stomach acid and a laxative, it also possesses numerous valuable properties including excellent biocompatibility, nontoxic antibacterial activity, and high drug loading ability [29]. In bone regeneration application, as a major degradation product from any magnesium alloys, Mg(OH) 2 can enhance the bone formation and temporarily decrease the bone resorption resulting in a higher bone mass [30,31]. Therefore, it could be a potential protective coating material for Mg-based implants to reduce the corrosion rate and improve bone ingrowth simultaneously [31].…”

“…Then, some of them take part in a reaction with hydroxide ions (OH − ) to produce Mg(OH) 2 , while others enter the solution. 2 , which is called milk of magnesia, includes both water and MgO solid particles. Hence, some part of it can convert to MgO and vice versa (see Equation (6)):…”

“…d i , d o and α are the input diameter, the output diameter and die angle respectively. Due to imparting of a huge cold working happened during the drawing process, production of thin metallic wire with considerable strength is potentially achievable [2]. Equation (1) represents the percentage of cold work that could be achieved by single-pass wire drawing process [3]:…”