A Decentralized Power and Bus Voltage Regulation Approach for DC Microgrids

Montegiglio, Pasquale; Acciani, G.; Dicorato, Maria; Forte, Giuseppe; Marasciuolo, Francesca

doi:10.1109/tia.2023.3258422

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In grid-connected operations, the frequency and voltage of microgrid follow the frequency and voltage of the main grid, and variation is within a very small range [60], [72], [73], [74]. In islanded mode operations, frequency, phase, and voltage values constantly change due to droop control in sudden load changes [10], [54], [75], [76], [77]. These changes make the control system even more complex and difficult.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency, Phase, and Magnitude Difference Locked-Loop Based Linear Synchronization Scheme for Islanded Inverters and Microgrids

Atmaca

Karabacak

2023

IEEE Access

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In recent years, integrating renewable energy sources (RESs) has achieved significant attention due to the growing demand for sustainable energy solutions. Inverter-interfaced Islanded Microgrids (IGs) have appeared as an advantageous approach to integrating RESs into the power grid. Grid-forming inverters (GFIs) are a critical component of IGs, and their synchronization is essential for stable and reliable operation. The literature has widely proposed soft transition, pre-synchronization, and re-synchronization to synchronize IGs to the main grid. However, methods for synchronizing GFIs in the islanded microgrid are restricted. Parallel operation of GFIs is required to guarantee the high-power demand of IG and improve voltage-frequency stability. For parallel operation, GFIs must be synchronized with each other. In the conventional synchronization control systems that are highly nonlinear, the linear proportional-integral (PI) controllers are commonly used in synchronization loops without considering the nonlinearity resulting from the initial condition dependency and cross-coupling. Thus, conventional synchronization methods can be exposed to concerns of stable operation, narrow operation area, and performance degradation. This study proposes a new linearized synchronization control system for GFIs in IGs. In this way, it is possible to analytically design robust linear controllers and ensure a stable operation, high performance, and wide (full) operation area. In addition, a new soft-commissioning method is proposed to deactivate synchronization loops and soft-start the synced GFI. The proposed system has been tested in real-time and CHIL hardware setups for two 550 kW GFIs operating in parallel, and the results in the perfect agreement are presented in this study.INDEX TERMS Commissioning, control hardware-in-the-loop (CHIL), grid-forming inverter, islanded microgrid, load sharing, microgrid, synchronization.

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