A Description of Single Case Design-As an Example to Evaluate the Effect of Warm-up and Stretching on Hamstring Flexibility in a Clinical Setting

Sharma, Jagannath; White, Colin M; Senjyu, Hideaki

doi:10.1589/jpts.16.21

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Além disso, segundo Knight et al (23) , o exercício ativo pode produzir aumento na temperatura intramuscular e tal elevação, associada aos estímulos tensionais como os de alongamento, podem conduzir a deformação plástica do tecido conjuntivo muscular. Sharma et al (24) também afirmam que o aquecimento associado com o estímulo de alongamento produz aumento na extensibilidade muscular. Porém, no presente estudo, não foram analisadas alterações de temperatura intramuscular e, dessa forma, não é possível inferir que tal fato possa ter tido influência sobre os resultados atingidos nos grupos submetidos ao exercício.…”

Section: Referências Bibliográficasunclassified

Efeitos da corrida em esteira em músculos sóleos de ratos encurtados por imobilização

Natali

Silva

Ciena

et al. 2008

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar as adaptações de peso e comprimento do músculo sóleo de ratos Wistar machos, além da estimativa do total de sarcômeros em série e comprimento médio dos sarcômeros, quando submetidos a um processo de remobilização em esteira. Foram utilizados 18 ratos (Wistar), divididos em três grupos: GC -músculo sóleo esquerdo (MSE) imobilizado e remobilizado solto; G10 -MSE imobilizado e remobilizado em velocidade de 10m/min; e G12 (n = 6) -MSE imobilizado e remobilizado em velocidade de 12m/min. Os resultados mostraram as seguintes variações, peso muscular: GC -22,35% (p = 0,0089), G10 -12,52% (p = 0,0623), G12 -12,07%, (p = 0,0004); comprimento muscular: GC -5,47% (p = 0,0120), G10 -3,31% (p = 0,2868), G12 0,41% (p = 0,8987); estimativa de sarcômeros em série: GC -15,42% (p = 0,0047), G10 -10,87% (p = 0,0193), G12 -4,97 (p = 0,2409); comprimento de sarcômeros GC 11,16% (p = 0,0142), G10 9,31% (p = 0,1270), G12 5,58% (p = 0,1327). Conclui-se que G12 obteve maior eficácia após o período de imobilização, pois apresentou maior semelhança com o membro não imobilizado.Palavras-chave: reabilitação, músculo esquelético, sarcômeros. ABSTRACTThe aim of this work was to compare weight and length adaptations of the soleus muscle of male Wistar rats as well as estimation of the total number of serial sarcomere and mean sarcomere length, when they are submitted to remobilization on treadmill. 18 Wistar male rats were used and divided in the three following groups: CG -left soleus (LS) muscle immobilized and remobilized free in the cage; G10 -LS muscle immobilized and remobilized in speed of 10 m/min on treadmill; and G12 -LS muscle immobilized and remobilized in speed of 12 m/min. The right muscles (RS) of each animal were used for comparison. The results showed the following variations, muscular weigh: CG -22.35% (p = 0.0089), G10 -12.52% (p = 0.0623), G12 -12.07%, (p = 0.0004); muscle length: CG -5.47% (p = 0.0120), G10 -3.31% (p = 0.2868), G12 0.41% (p = 0.8987); estimation of number of serial sarcomere: CG -15.42% (p = 0.0047), G10 -10.87% (p = 0.0193), G12 -4.97 (p = 0.2409); sarcomere length: CG 11.16%, (p = 0.0142), G10 9.31% (p = 0.1270), G12 5.58% (p = 0.1327). It was concluded that G12 presented the best effectiveness after immobilization period since it presented greater similarity with the non-immobilized soleus.Keywords: rehabilitation, skeletal muscle, sarcomere. INTRODUÇÃOA literatura científica comprova que os músculos esqueléticos possuem plasticidade muscular, ou seja, respondem a diferentes estímulos impostos, dentre eles: exercícios físicos, alterações hormonais, nutrição, denervação, eletroestimulação, imobilização, dentre outros (1)(2)(3)(4) . A inatividade causa ao músculo significativo remodelamento, incluindo a perda de proteínas miofibrilares, mudanças em atividades metabólicas, alterações vasculares e neurais (5) . Contudo, a imobilização, que gera desuso, ainda é uma opção de tratamento freqüentemente usada em distúrbios musculoesqueléticos, apesar da ocorrência da atro...

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Section: Referências Bibliográficasunclassified

Efeitos da corrida em esteira em músculos sóleos de ratos encurtados por imobilização

Natali

Silva

Ciena

et al. 2008

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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“…Enforce the combination of warm up and stretching for 7 days, there was significant difference for hamstring flexibility 10 ) . The targeted 40 people (male student) of healthy body are tested to active individual muscle stretching on right leg.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of special composite stretching on the swing of amateur golf players

Lee

Yeo

et al. 2015

J Phys Ther Sci

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[Purpose] The study investigated stretching for safer a golf swing compared to present stretching methods for proper swings in order to examine the effects of stretching exercises on golf swings. [Subjects] The subjects were 20 amateur golf club members who were divided into two groups: an experimental group which performed stretching, and a control group which did not. The subjects had no bone deformity, muscle weakness, muscle soreness, or neurological problems. [Methods] A swing analyzer and a ROM measuring instrument were used as the measuring tools. The swing analyzer was a GS400-golf hit ball analyzer (Korea) and the ROM measuring instrument was a goniometer (Korea). [Results] The experimental group showed a statistically significant improvement in driving distance. After the special stretching training for golf, a statistically significant difference in hit-ball direction deviation after swings were found between the groups. The experimental group showed statistically significant decreases in hit ball direction deviation. After the special stretching training for golf, statistically significant differences in hit-ball speed were found between the groups. The experimental group showed significant increases in hit-ball speed. [Conclusion] To examine the effects of a special stretching program for golf on golf swing-related factors, 20 male amateur golf club members performed a 12-week stretching training program. After the golf stretching training, statistically significant differences were found between the groups in hit-ball driving distance, direction deviation, deflection distance, and speed.

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“…Sharma et al. reported stretching along with warming up is an effective way to improve hamstring flexibility 18 ) . Moreover, their participants reported an increase in pain tolerance at the end of study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of modified hold-relax stretching and static stretching on hamstring muscle flexibility

Ahmed¹,

Iqbal²,

Anwer

et al. 2015

J Phys Ther Sci

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[Purpose] The aim of present study was to compare the effectiveness of modified hold-relax stretching and static stretching in improving the hamstring muscle flexibility. [Subjects and Methods] Forty-five male subjects with hamstring tightness were included in this study. The subjects were randomly placed into three groups: the modified hold-relax stretching, static stretching and control groups. The modified hold-relax stretching group performed 7 seconds of isometric contraction and then relaxed for 5 seconds, and this was repeated five times daily for five consecutive days. The static stretching group received 10 minutes of static stretching with the help of a pulley and weight system for five consecutive days. The control group received only moist heat for 20 minutes for five consecutive days. A baseline reading of passive knee extension (PKE) was taken prior to the intervention; rest measurements were taken immediate post intervention on day 1, day 3, day 5, and after a 1 week follow-up, i.e., at the 12th day. [Results] On comparing the baseline readings of passive knee extension (PKE), there was no difference noted between the three groups. On comparing the posttest readings on day 5 between the 3 groups, a significant difference was noted. However, post hoc analysis revealed an insignificant difference between the modified hold-relax stretching and static stretching groups. There was a significant difference between the static stretching and control groups and between the modified hold-relax stretching and control groups. [Conclusion] The results of this study indicate that both the modified hold-relax stretching technique and static stretching are equally effective, as there was no significant difference in improving the hamstring muscle flexibility between the two groups.

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A Description of Single Case Design-As an Example to Evaluate the Effect of Warm-up and Stretching on Hamstring Flexibility in a Clinical Setting

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Efeitos da corrida em esteira em músculos sóleos de ratos encurtados por imobilização

Efeitos da corrida em esteira em músculos sóleos de ratos encurtados por imobilização

Effects of special composite stretching on the swing of amateur golf players

Effect of modified hold-relax stretching and static stretching on hamstring muscle flexibility

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