A diagnostic equation for the daily maximum urban heat island effect for cities in northwestern Europe

Theeuwes, Natalie; Steeneveld, G.J.; Ronda, R.J.; Holtslag, A.A.M.

doi:10.1002/joc.4717

Cited by 99 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Urban energy budgets and in-canopy storage have been extensively discussed (Coutts et al, 2007;Grimmond, Blackett, et al, 2010;Grimmond, Roth, et al, 2010;Grimmond et al, 2016;Memon et al, 2009;Oke, 1987;Roberts et al, 2006;Rotach et al, 2005;Saitoh et al, 1996;Theeuwes et al, 2017). In order to derive more robust estimates of energy storage (ΔS) and loss within/from the urban canopy, reliable measurements of the other components of the surface energy balance (R net = H + LE + G + ΔS) is crucial.…”

Section: 1029/2018jd029507mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While numerous studies of urban landscapes have already been conducted (Bassett et al, ; Podstawczyńska, ; Theeuwes et al, ; see also reviews by Arnfield, ; Lietzke et al, ; Roth, ), compared to other global environment types, urban observations are still quite limited (Grimmond et al, ). Specifically, more detailed information is required about the urban water and carbon budgets, as well as mixing and pollution concentrations within the urban canopy layer (UCL), the zone of human occupation (Christen, ; Grimmond et al, ; Memon et al, ; Mills et al, ; Mirzaei & Haghighat, ; Nelson et al, ; Nicolini et al, ; Pawlak et al, ; Pawlak & Fortuniak, ; Zieliński et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterizing the State of the Urban Surface Layer Using Radon‐222

et al. 2019

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Four years of summertime paired urban‐rural meteorological and radon observations in central Poland are used to assess the relationship between atmospheric stability and urban‐induced changes to the radiation balance and surface energy budget. An existing radon‐based technique for nocturnal stability classification is improved and extended to also infer daytime mixing conditions. The radon‐based scheme is shown to provide a simple, effective, objective means of investigating urban energy budget closure over a range of meteorological conditions, which promises to improve estimates of energy storage and loss terms associated with urban canopies. Special attention is paid to quantifying atmospheric characteristics associated with the arbitrarily assigned radon‐derived stability categories in terms of the more conventional measures: bulk Richardson number and the Monin‐Obukhov stability parameter (z/L). The bulk Richardson number approach is demonstrated to be less effective at grouping periods of similar mean stability, and less selective of extremely stable conditions, than the radon‐based technique. A simple box model is used in conjunction with radon observations and an assumed source function of 15 mBq·m−2·s−1, to show that nocturnal effective mixing heights were deeper and less variable over the urban region. On stable nights hourly median effective mixing heights were 15–20 m over the rural region compared to 40–45 m over the urban region.

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Section: 1029/2018jd029507mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the State of the Urban Surface Layer Using Radon‐222

et al. 2019

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“…A number of empirical regressions or physically-based scaling factors were developed to account for relationships between the UHI intensity and meteorological characteristics (e.g. Oke 1998, Lee et al 2014, Theeuwes et al 2017. These regressions are actively used in studies of mid-latitude cities, but their utility for highlatitude studies is limited.…”

Section: Calculation Of the Uhi Intensity And A Weather Factormentioning

confidence: 99%

A high density urban temperature network deployed in several cities of Eurasian Arctic

Konstantinov

Varentsov

Esau

2018

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…These have ranged from weather stations attached to lampposts (Ronda et al, 2017) to the amateur measurements contained in the Weather Underground database (Steeneveld et al, 2011;Wolters and Brandsma, 2012). Despite the different types of instruments used, all the studies have sought to use the measurements to analyse urban meteorology, and especially to improve knowledge about the urban heat island (UHI) effect (Oke, 1982;Lindberg and Grimmond, 2011;Steeneveld et al, 2011;Thorsson et al, 2014;Theeuwes et al, 2016;Chapman et al, 2017). This is a particularly important field of research given the increasing proportion of urbanization in the country (Desa, 2017) along with the projected increase in heat waves in future decades (Haines et al, 2006;van den Hurk et al, 2006)-the effects of which are potentially amplified by the UHI (Heusinkveld et al, 2010(Heusinkveld et al, , 2014Li and Bou-Zeid, 2013;Li et al, 2015;Zhao et al, 2018), and are associated with an increase in thermal discomfort (Molenaar et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correcting citizen‐science air temperature measurements across the Netherlands for short wave radiation bias

Cornes

Dirksen

Sluiter

2019

Meteorological Applications

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Citizen‐science thermometer measurements have the potential to provide information about surface air temperature fields on scales smaller than is typically quantified by the official monitoring network. As such, national meteorological services are becoming increasingly interested in these measurements as a possible source of data for use in weather monitoring or forecasting. However, in order for the information to be used, biases in the data need to be assessed. The most important source of bias is the potential overheating of the thermometer due to inadequate shielding or exposure. Previous research has indicated that information about the nature of the instrument and its exposure is important for correcting this bias. However, in the majority of cases this information is unavailable for amateur stations. In this paper a statistical correction for short wave radiation bias is developed for the air temperature data recorded at 159 Weather Observations Website (WOW) stations across the Netherlands during the period 2015–2016. Generalized additive mixed modelling (GAMM) is used to quantify and correct for short wave radiation bias in the hourly measurements using a background temperature field generated from the official 34 automatic weather stations along with satellite‐derived short wave radiation estimates. It is demonstrated that the corrected WOW data add local detail to the hourly temperature field, which may provide a useful source of data to supplement official measurements.

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A diagnostic equation for the daily maximum urban heat island effect for cities in northwestern Europe

Cited by 99 publications

References 52 publications

Characterizing the State of the Urban Surface Layer Using Radon‐222

Characterizing the State of the Urban Surface Layer Using Radon‐222

A high density urban temperature network deployed in several cities of Eurasian Arctic

Correcting citizen‐science air temperature measurements across the Netherlands for short wave radiation bias

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