A diagnostic medium for the semi-selective isolation and enumeration of Xanthomonas axonopodispv. vignicola

Wydra, Kerstin; Khatri-Chhetri, G. B.; Mavridis, A.; Sikirou, Rachidatou; Rudolph, K.

doi:10.1007/s10658-004-0812-5

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The other dyes had no beneficial effect. In contrast to the findings of Wydra et al (2004), preliminary studies (data not shown) did not find boric acid to have any selective value against the contaminants tested here, even at concentrations as high as 0·03% (w/v). Cefazolin was found to be inferior to cephalexin, especially in suppressing a wider range of Gram-positive contaminants.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Development of a semiselective medium for isolating Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum from insect vectors, infected plant material and soil

Mwangi

Mwebaze²,

Bandyopadhyay

et al. 2007

Plant Pathology

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A semiselective medium was developed for isolating Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum ( Xcm ) from infected banana plants, soil and insect vectors. The new medium was named cellobiose-cephalexin agar (CCA) and it contained (L − 1 ): 1 g yeast extract, 1 g glucose, 1 g peptone, 1 g NH 4 Cl, 1 g MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O, 3 g K 2 HPO 4 , 1 g beef extract, 10 g cellobiose, 14 g agar, 40 mg cephalexin, 10 mg 5-fluorouracil and 120 mg cycloheximide. The medium was evaluated for selectivity using 21 bacterial isolates and for plating efficiency using Xcm . The bacterial isolates included a soilborne Xanthomonas species and three pathogenic Xanthomonas strains that infect cassava, cabbage and beans. Although the plating efficiency of Xcm on CCA was lower (59%) than on non-selective yeast extract peptone glucose agar (YPGA), its selectivity was significantly higher, averaging 60 and 82%, when isolating from banana fruits and soil, respectively. CCA was also superior when isolating Xcm from insect vectors, with selectivity of 48 -75%, compared with 8 -17% on YPGA. Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli did not grow on CCA, while X. campestris pv. campestris and X. axonopodis pv. manihotis grew, but their colonies were smaller than those of Xcm . Twenty-nine out of 33 suspected Xcm strains isolated from plants, soil and insects using CCA were pathogenic when inoculated onto banana plants, indicating that CCA can be a reliable tool in isolating Xcm populations. The medium should prove useful in studies on ecology, epidemiology and management of the banana bacterial wilt pathogen that is currently ravaging bananas in East and Central Africa.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Development of a semiselective medium for isolating Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum from insect vectors, infected plant material and soil

Mwangi

Mwebaze²,

Bandyopadhyay

et al. 2007

Plant Pathology

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“…As placas foram incubadas a 28ºC por 48-72 h, quando foi feita a contagem de colônias. A eficácia do meio de cultura foi determinada pela fórmula E (%)=(UFC em meio NYDA com diferentes combinações de antibióticos e fungicidas/UFC em NYDA) × 100 (WYDRA et al, 2004).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Sobrevivência de Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticola em tecido infectado de videira

Silva¹,

Menezes

Souza³

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Frutic.

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RESUMO -Tecidos de plantas infectados constituem uma importante fonte de inóculo primário para fitobacterioses. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a sobrevivência de Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticola (Xcv), agente do cancro bacteriano da videira, em tecidos infectados na superfície do solo e durante a compostagem de restos de poda. Mudas de videira 'Festival' foram inoculadas com mutante resistente à rifampicina Xcv2Rif e mantidas em casa de vegetação até apresentarem alta severidade da doença. No primeiro experimento, ramos fragmentados e folhas inteiras destas plantas foram acondicionados em bolsas de malha plástica e colocados na superfície de microparcelas. No segundo experimento, ramos e folhas fragmentados foram acondicionados em bolsas plásticas e depositados no interior de pilhas de compostagem de restos de poda de videira. A sobrevivência de Xcv2Rif em tecidos infectados foi monitorada a intervalos de 8 e 10 dias a partir do início do primeiro e segundo experimentos, respectivamente. No primeiro experimento, foi também avaliada a decomposição de tecidos, e no segundo, as curvas de temperatura das pilhas, conteúdo de fenóis e microbiota antagonista a Xcv2 Rif. O patógeno sobreviveu em altas populações até 80 dias em tecidos infectados na superfície do solo. A compostagem eliminou Xcv2Rif de restos culturais em 10 dias, devido às altas temperaturas, liberação de compostos fenólicos e antagonismo microbiano. Concluindo, em tecidos infectados de videira Xcv sobrevive na superfície do solo por, pelo menos, 80 dias mas é eliminada pela compostagem em 10 dias. Termos para Indexação: Cancro bacteriano da videira, restos de cultura, epidemiologia, Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticola, erradicação. SURVIVAL OF Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticola IN INFECTED TISSUES OF GRAPEVINEABSTRACT -Infected plant tissues are an important primary inoculum sources for plant bacterial diseases. This study investigated the survival of Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticola (Xcv), the agent of bacterial canker of grapevine in infected tissues on soil surface and during composting process of pruning residues. Grapevine plants cv. Festival were inoculated with a mutant resistant to rifampicin Xcv2 Rif and maintained under greenhouse conditions until presenting high disease severity. In the first experiment, fragmented shoots and entire leaves from these plants, were placed into mesh bags and located on the surface of microplots. In the second experiment fragmented shoots and leaves were also placed into mesh bags and located inside composting piles of grapevine pruning residues. The survival of Xcv2Rif in infected tissue was monitored at 8 and 10 days intervals from 1 and 2 experiment setting, respectively. In the experiment 1 tissue decomposition was also evaluated and in the experiment 2, pile temperature curves, phenolyc content, and antagonism against Xcv2Rif were analyzed. The pathogen survived in high populations for at least 80 days in grapevine-infected tissues on soil surface. The composting process eliminated Xcv2Rif ...

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“…It has been reported that the colonies of Xanthomonas spp. appeared to be yellowish on some media like YPGA, NGA, XTS and MSP due to xanthomonadin production (Mohan & Schaad, 1987;Roumagnac et al, 2000;Schaad & Forster, 1985;Wydra et al, 2004) compared to whitish or creamish colonies on other media like CCM, MXP, BSCAA (Claflin, Vidaver, & Sasser, 1987;Randhawa & Schaad, 1984;Wydra et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To carry out epidemiological and ecological studies, a simple selective medium is required for isolation of Xcm from the infected plants and soil. Semi-selective media have been developed for isolation of several Xanthomonas species and have proved useful for elucidating the ecology and epidemiology of related diseases (Davis, Rott, Baudin, & Dean, 1994;Di, Ye, Schaad, & Roth, 1991;Fessehaie, Wydra, & Rudolph, 1999;Mabagala & Saettler, 1992;Norman & Alvarez, 1994;Sijam, Chang, & Gitaitis, 1992;Wydra, Khatri-Chetri, Mavridis, Sikirou, & Rudolph, 2004). No specific medium for the isolation of Xcm has been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a semi-selective medium for isolation of Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum from banana plants

Tripathi

Tushemereirwe³

et al. 2006

Eur J Plant Pathol

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Banana Xanthomonas wilt, caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum, is a new threat to banana cultivation in eastern Africa. The causal bacterium grows slowly in culture and is easily overgrown by contaminants. A selective culture medium for isolation of X. c. pv. musacearum will facilitate disease study. A medium that suppressed saprophytic growth and possessed diagnostic characters for the pathogen was developed. Various carbon sources were tested with two isolates of X. c. pv. musacearum, and sucrose was selected as main carbon source. The susceptibility of X. c. pv. musacearum and other bacterial strains was tested with 29 different antibiotics. Cephalexin and cycloheximide had no effect on X. c. pv. musacearum but cephalexin inhibited most of the saprophytes and cycloheximide inhibited the fungal contaminants. Based on these studies, we have developed a semi-selective medium YTSA-CC containing yeast extract (1%), tryptone (1%), sucrose (1%), agar (1.5%), cephalexin (50 mg l -1 ) and cycloheximide (150 mg l -1 ), pH 7.0. The pathogen X. c. pv. musacearum was easily identified as yellowish, mucoid and circular colonies on YTSA-CC medium. This simple semi-selective medium was effective for isolation of X. c. pv. musacearum from infected banana tissues and soil, and it should be a valuable tool in ecological and epidemiological studies.

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A diagnostic medium for the semi-selective isolation and enumeration of Xanthomonas axonopodispv. vignicola

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Development of a semiselective medium for isolating Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum from insect vectors, infected plant material and soil

Development of a semiselective medium for isolating Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum from insect vectors, infected plant material and soil

Sobrevivência de Xanthomonas campestris pv. viticola em tecido infectado de videira

Development of a semi-selective medium for isolation of Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum from banana plants

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