A distinctive Western blot pattern to recognize Trichinella infections in humans and pigs

Morales, María Ángeles Gómez; Ludovisi, Alessandra; Amati, Marco; Blaga, Radu; Živojinovic, M.; Ribicich, M.; Pozio, Edoardo

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2012.08.003

Cited by 62 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…For example, Yera et al [35] claimed T. spiralis antigenic components with Mw of 43-44 and 64 kDa as discriminative for Trichinella infection. In a study performed by Gomes-Morales and colleagues [36] another threeband pattern, ranging in size from 53-72 kDa (for human sera) and 48-72 kDa (for pig sera) was chosen for it discriminative characteristics. Our laboratory defi ned a band triad with Mw of 45, 49 and 53 kDa as specifi c for the detection of anti-Trichinella antibodies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic band pattern in western blots for specific detection of anti-Trichinella spiralis antibodies in different host species

Ilić¹,

Gruden-Movsesijan²,

Živojinovic³

et al. 2014

Acta Veterinaria

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Western blot (Wb) is considered to be the gold standard test for Trichinella infection serology, since this method allows specific Trichinella antigens to be distinguished from cross-reactive antigens. This is not the case with widely used antibody assay techniques - indirect immunofluorescence and ELISA - which are sensitive, but subject to crossreactions that make the interpretation of weakly positive results difficult. Application of Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae excretory-secretory (ES) antigens for the specific antibody detection in ELISA resulted in improved specificity compared to that of crude worm extract that was previously in use, but since production of ES has not yet been standardized, differences among laboratories occur. For this reason, the Wb profile of serum samples from different T. spiralis infected host species: human, horse, swine and dog, was investigated in the Serbian National Reference Laboratory for Trichinellosis (NRLT). The common feature of the obtained Wb profiles was the appearance of a triad of bands with molecular masses (Mw) of 45, 49, and 53 kDa. The very same triad was recognized by a monoclonal antibody (mAb) 7C2C5 specific for an immunodominant epitope unique to the muscle larvae stage of all species in the genus Trichinella. Inhibition studies confirmed that mAb and anti-Trichinella antibodies from sera competed for the same parasite epitope. Based on the obtained results, the NRLT introduced the recognition of the above mention triad as the basis for specific anti-Trichinella antibodies detection in the sera of infected hosts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic band pattern in western blots for specific detection of anti-Trichinella spiralis antibodies in different host species

Ilić¹,

Gruden-Movsesijan²,

Živojinovic³

et al. 2014

Acta Veterinaria

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“…19 A commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (NovaTec; Immunodiagnostica GmbH, Dietzenbach, Germany) or an in-house ELISA was used to detect antiTrichinella immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the serum samples of people in the course of the 2008-2012 outbreaks. An in-house ELISA followed by a confirmatory Western blot according to the work by Gó mez-Morales and others 20 were used in the course of the study carried out during the 2012 outbreak and the clinical-epidemiological investigation carried out from 2010 to 2012. 18,19 Laboratory data were available for five people hospitalized in the course of the 2008 outbreak and six people hospitalized in the course of the 2012 outbreak.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichinellosis in Vietnam

De¹,

Nga²,

Dorny³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Trichinellosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease with a worldwide distribution. The aim of this work was to describe the epidemiological and clinical data of five outbreaks of trichinellosis, which affected ethnic minorities living in remote mountainous areas of northwestern Vietnam from 1970 to 2012. Trichinellosis was diagnosed in 126 patients, of which 11 (8.7%) were hospitalized and 8 (6.3%) died. All infected people had consumed raw pork from backyard and roaming pigs or wild boar at wedding, funeral, or New Year parties. The short incubation period (average of 9.5 days), the severity of the symptoms, which were characterized by diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, myalgia, edema, weight loss, itch, and lisping, and the high mortality, suggest that patients had ingested a high number of larvae. The larval burden in pigs examined in one of the outbreaks ranged from 70 to 879 larvae/g. These larvae and those collected from a muscle biopsy taken from a patient from the 2012 outbreak were identified as Trichinella spiralis. Data presented in this work show that the northern regions of Vietnam are endemic areas for Trichinella infections in domestic pigs and humans.

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“…These glycoproteins with Mw 40–70 kDa induce the production of specific antibodies that are often used for diagnostic purposes [8, 47]. Results obtained by analyses of anti-TSL-1 antibody presence in sera of infected animals revealed that they specifically recognize antigens of 40–70 kDa from ML homogenates and antigens of Mw 45–55 kDa in ES under reducing conditions [50–52]. Our results showed that, among TSL-1 antigens, 45, 49, and 53 kDa glycoproteins are recognized in Western blot by sera obtained from T. spiralis -infected humans, pigs, dogs, horses, and rats [53].…”

Section: Es L1 Antigens Of T Spiralis Muscle Larvaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exact function of this protein remains elusive, but it is assumed that its role is connected with maintaining parasitism and modulation of immune response [21]. Antibodies present in the sera of T. spiralis -infected human and animals always recognize this glycoprotein, pointing to a role in the induction of the immune response [52, 53]. The fact that 53 kDa glycoprotein could be frequently recognized by antibodies in the sera from patients with autoimmune diseases [62] adds to its role in immunomodulation.…”

Section: Es L1 Antigens Of T Spiralis Muscle Larvaementioning

confidence: 99%

Secretory Products ofTrichinella spiralisMuscle Larvae and Immunomodulation: Implication for Autoimmune Diseases, Allergies, and Malignancies

Sofronić-Milosavljević

Ilić

Pinelli

et al. 2015

Journal of Immunology Research

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Trichinella spiralis has the unique ability to make itself “at home” by creating and hiding in a new type of cell in the host body that is the nurse cell. From this immunologically privileged place, the parasite orchestrates a long-lasting molecular cross talk with the host through muscle larvae excretory-secretory products (ES L1). Those products can successfully modulate parasite-specific immune responses as well as responses to unrelated antigens (either self or nonself in origin), providing an anti-inflammatory milieu and maintaining homeostasis. It is clear, based on the findings from animal model studies, that T. spiralis and its products induce an immunomodulatory network (which encompasses Th2- and Treg-type responses) that may allow the host to deal with various hyperimmune-associated disorders as well as tumor growth, although the latter still remains unclear. This review focuses on studies of the molecules released by T. spiralis, their interaction with pattern recognition receptors on antigen presenting cells, and subsequently provoked responses. This paper also addresses the immunomodulatory properties of ES L1 molecules and how the induced immunomodulation influences the course of different experimental inflammatory and malignant diseases.

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A distinctive Western blot pattern to recognize Trichinella infections in humans and pigs

Cited by 62 publications

References 37 publications

Characteristic band pattern in western blots for specific detection of anti-Trichinella spiralis antibodies in different host species

Characteristic band pattern in western blots for specific detection of anti-Trichinella spiralis antibodies in different host species

Trichinellosis in Vietnam

Secretory Products ofTrichinella spiralisMuscle Larvae and Immunomodulation: Implication for Autoimmune Diseases, Allergies, and Malignancies

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