A Diver-Portable Respirometry System for in-situ Short-Term Measurements of Coral Metabolic Health and Rates of Calcification

Dellisanti, Walter; Tsang, Ryan Ho Leung; Ang, Put O.; Wu, Jiajun; Wells, Mark L.; Chan, Leo Lai

doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.571451

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…FRR and PAM fluorometry methods yield signals at the polyp-symbiont scale ( Gorbunov et al, 2000 ), while changes in oxygen concentrations in chambers integrate the whole colony response ( Schneider et al, 2009 ). The assumption here is that the chamber system designs and durations impart no added stress condition on the corals, which appears to be the case in many studies ( Camp et al, 2015 ; Roth et al, 2019 ; Dellisanti et al, 2020 ). While it can be argued that chamber methods may be more informative in terms of the holobiont, the portability, ease of operation, and comparatively low cost of fluorescence instruments (Diving-PAM, FRR, and imaging systems) have greatly expanded their use for studying photosynthetic performance of coral symbionts and monitoring diel changes of coral productivity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A common feature of these flow systems is that they commonly require constructing or placement of large or cumbersome structures on the reef, so replicating findings across and among reef systems is difficult. A new diver-portable respirometer [community in situ metabolism (CISME)] enables short-term (minutes) quantification of coral photosynthetic, respiration, and biocalcification rates combined with the ability to study the effects of flow and chemical manipulations ( Dellisanti et al, 2020 ). Although its use has been limited to date, it offers many of the benefits of larger chamber devices but also the ability to assess individual coral colonies across and among reef environments with good accuracy and resolution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Techniques to Assess Coral Physiology in situ Under Global and Local Stressors: Current Approaches and Novel Insights

et al. 2021

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Coral reefs are declining worldwide due to global changes in the marine environment. The increasing frequency of massive bleaching events in the tropics is highlighting the need to better understand the stages of coral physiological responses to extreme conditions. Moreover, like many other coastal regions, coral reef ecosystems are facing additional localized anthropogenic stressors such as nutrient loading, increased turbidity, and coastal development. Different strategies have been developed to measure the health status of a damaged reef, ranging from the resolution of individual polyps to the entire coral community, but techniques for measuring coral physiology in situ are not yet widely implemented. For instance, while there are many studies of the coral holobiont response in single or limited-number multiple stressor experiments, they provide only partial insights into metabolic performance under more complex and temporally and spatially variable natural conditions. Here, we discuss the current status of coral reefs and their global and local stressors in the context of experimental techniques that measure core processes in coral metabolism (respiration, photosynthesis, and biocalcification) in situ, and their role in indicating the health status of colonies and communities. We highlight the need to improve the capability of in situ studies in order to better understand the resilience and stress response of corals under multiple global and local scale stressors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Techniques to Assess Coral Physiology in situ Under Global and Local Stressors: Current Approaches and Novel Insights

et al. 2021

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“…Thirty‐minutes incubations in either blacked‐out conditions to simulate the darkness of night (respiration and net dark calcification or dissolution) or under artificial lighting at 800 μ Eins m −2 s −1 (net photosynthesis and light enhanced net calcification rates) were conducted using two CISME diver‐portable underwater respirometers. The CISME respirometer is designed to nondestructively measure coral metabolism in situ (Dellisanti et al 2020). The system is composed of two main parts: An electronics housing and the flow head, which are connected by electrical cables.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexpected role of communities colonizing dead coral substrate in the calcification of coral reefs

Orte

Koweek

Cyronak

et al. 2021

Limnology & Oceanography

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Global and local anthropogenic stressors such as climate change, acidification, overfishing, and pollution are expected to shift the benthic community composition of coral reefs from dominance by calcifying organisms to dominance by non-calcifying algae. These changes could reduce the ability of coral reef ecosystems to maintain positive net calcium carbonate accretion. However, relationships between community composition and calcification rates remain unclear. We performed field experiments to quantify the metabolic rates of the two most dominant coral reef substrate types, live coral and dead coral substrate colonized by a mixed algal assemblage, using a novel underwater respirometer. Our results revealed that calcification rates in the daytime were similar for the live coral and dead coral substrate communities. However, in the dark, while live corals continued to calcify at slower rates, the dead coral substrate communities exhibited carbonate dissolution. Daytime net photosynthesis of the dead coral substrate communities was up to five times as much as for live corals, which we hypothesize may have created favorable conditions for the precipitation of carbonate minerals. We conclude that: (1) calcification from dead coral substrate communities can contribute to coral reef community calcification during the day, and (2) dead coral substrate communities can also contribute to carbonate mineral dissolution at night, decreasing ecosystem calcification over a diel cycle. This provides evidence that reefs could shift from slow, long-term accretion of calcium carbonate to a state where large daily cycling of calcium carbonate occurs, but with little or no long-term accumulation of the carbonate minerals needed to sustain the reef against erosional forces.

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“…A new diver-portable tool has been developed for community in situ metabolism (CISME) that enables short-term (minutes) experimentation with flow and chemical manipulations, as well as in situ measurements of coral metabolic health and rates of calcification [137]. Although its use has been limited to date, it offers the ability for the assessment of individual corals across and among reef environments with high accuracy and resolution.…”

Section: Benthic Chambers Diffusive Flux Methods and Flow Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Techniques to Assess Coral Physiology In Situ: Current Approaches and Novel Insights

Dellisanti¹,

Chung²,

Chow³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Coral reefs are declining worldwide due to global changes in the marine environment. The increasing frequency of massive bleaching events in the tropics is highlighting the need to better understand the stages of coral physiological responses to extreme conditions. Moreover, like many other coastal regions, coral reef ecosystems are facing additional localized anthropogenic issues such as nutrient loading, increased turbidity, and coastal development. Different strategies have been developed to measure the health status of a damaged reef, ranging from the resolution of individual polyps to an entire coral community, but techniques for measuring coral physiology in situ are not yet widely implemented. For instance, while there are many studies of the coral holobiont response in single or limited-number multiple stressor experiments, they provide only partial insights to metabolic performance under more complex temporally and spatially variable natural conditions. Here, we discuss the current status of coral reefs and their global and local stressors in the context of experimental techniques that measure core processes in coral metabolism (respiration, photosynthesis, and biocalcification) in situ, and their role in indicating the health status of colonies and communities. We highlight the need to improve the capability of in situ studies in order to better understand the resilience and stress response of corals under multiple global and local scale stressors.

show abstract

A Diver-Portable Respirometry System for in-situ Short-Term Measurements of Coral Metabolic Health and Rates of Calcification

Cited by 14 publications

References 77 publications

Experimental Techniques to Assess Coral Physiology in situ Under Global and Local Stressors: Current Approaches and Novel Insights

Experimental Techniques to Assess Coral Physiology in situ Under Global and Local Stressors: Current Approaches and Novel Insights

Unexpected role of communities colonizing dead coral substrate in the calcification of coral reefs

Experimental Techniques to Assess Coral Physiology In Situ: Current Approaches and Novel Insights

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