A DMSO-based cleanup procedure for determination of PCBs in waste oil

Larsen, B.; Tilio, R.; Kapila, Shubhender

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(91)90132-w

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This complicated background can be virtually eliminated by selective extraction of the aromatic components with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Larsen et al (7) demonstrated that this method, also described by Orazio et al (8) for the determi- nation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in waste oil, effectively isolates PCB congeners and all aromatic compounds from oil without discrimination due to the chlorine substitution pattern. Figure 1B shows the chromatogram of PCB-54 in oil after DMSO "cleanup".…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ionizing Radiation Induced Degradation of Tetrachlorobiphenyl in Transformer Oil

Chaychian¹,

Silverman²,

Al-Sheikhly³

et al. 1999

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Complete degradation of 2,2′,6,6′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB-54) in transformer oil is achieved by ionizing radiation without degradation of the oil. γ-Irradiation of transformer oil containing PCB-54 (0.27 mg/g) with a dose of 200 kGy results in complete (>99%) destruction of the PCB. Analysis of samples irradiated with various doses demonstrated gradual degradation of PCB-54 and successive formation and degradation of trichloro-, dichloro-, and monochlorobiphenyl. The final products are mainly biphenyl and inorganic chloride. The mechanism of reductive degradation is studied by pulse radiolysis. The oil contains many aromatic hydrocarbons; the most abundant being biphenyl, fluorene, and phenanthrene. Solvated electrons formed by irradiation of the oil react either with the PCB to lead to dechlorination or with the aromatic hydrocarbons present in the oil to form radical anions. These species are shown to transfer an electron to chlorinated biphenyls relatively rapidly, leading to dechlorination. The rate constants for several such reactions, determined in 2-propanol solutions, are in the range of 10 7 -10 8 L mol -1 s -1 . These rapid reactions explain why PCB can be dechlorinated in oil despite the presence of aromatic hydrocarbons in the oil and despite the formation of biphenyl as a radiolysis product that reacts rapidly with solvated electrons.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ionizing Radiation Induced Degradation of Tetrachlorobiphenyl in Transformer Oil

Chaychian¹,

Silverman²,

Al-Sheikhly³

et al. 1999

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Removal of the sample matrices is especially important for the cleanup step to minimize interference with GC/MS measurements. In addition to the official method (dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) extraction [ 7 , 9 ]), chromatographic techniques (normal-phase liquid chromatography [ 10 , 11 ], gel permeation chromatography [ 12 ], reversed-phase liquid chromatography [ 13 ]) have been evaluated, and were used for the characterizations. A new stationary phase for liquid chromatography, sulfoxide-bonded silica [ 14 ], was also used for the analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral oil certified reference materials for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls from the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ)

et al. 2008

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Four mineral oil certified reference materials (CRMs), NMIJ CRM 7902-a, CRM 7903-a, CRM 7904-a, and CRM 7905-a, have been issued by the National Metrology Institute of Japan, which is part of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (NMIJ/AIST), for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The raw materials for the CRMs were an insulation oil (CRM 7902-a and CRM 7903-a) and a fuel oil (CRM7904-a and CRM 7905-a). A solution of PCB3, PCB8, and technical PCB products, comprising four types of Kaneclor, was added to the oil matrices. The total PCB concentrations in the PCB-fortified oils (CRM 7902-a and CRM 7904-a) are approximately 6 mg kg −1 . In addition, the mineral oils which were not fortified with PCBs were also distributed as CRMs (CRM 7903-a and CRM 7905-a). Characterization of these CRMs was conducted by the NMIJ/AIST, where the mineral oils and the PCB solution were analyzed using multiple analytical methods such as dimethylsulfoxide extraction, normal-phase liquid chromatography, gel permeation chromatography, reversed-phase liquid chromatography, and chromatography using sulfoxide-bonded silica; and/or various capillary columns for gas chromatography, and two ionization modes for mass spectrometry. The target compounds in the mineral oils and those in the PCB solution were determined by one of the primary methods of measurement, isotope dilutionmass spectrometry (ID-MS). Certified values have been provided for 11 PCB congeners (PCB3,8,28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, 180, 194, and 206) in the CRMs. These CRMs have information values for PCB homologue concentrations determined by using a Japanese official method for determination of PCBs in wastes and densities determined with an oscillational density meter. Because oil samples having arbitrary PCB concentrations between respective property values of the PCB-fortified and nonfortified CRMs can be prepared by gravimetric mixing of the CRM pairs, these CRMs can be used for validation of PCB analyses using various instruments which have different sensitivities.

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“…However, the aforementioned methods are extremely time-consuming in terms of performing a series involving sample preparation, GC measurement, and data analysis. Specifically, methods including sulfuric acid treatment, partition with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/hexane, partition with dimethylformamide (DMF)/hexane, florisil column cleanup, and silica gel column cleanup are used in sample preparation, and the operations require skilled technologies in terms of analysis and operation time (Copland and Gohmann 1982 ; Orazio et al 1989 ; Larsen et al 1991 ; Lawn and Toffel 1987 ; Gordon et al 1982 ; Sandra et al 1988 ; Suzuki et al 1991 ; Koizumi and Yoshimura 1984 ). Conversely, with respect to the analysis of insulation oil analysis in Japan, a few pretreatment techniques were developed to aid in performing the analysis in a more quick and easy manner (Takahashi and Honda 2010 ; Shimizu 2010 ; Hamada 2010 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis method for PCBs in reclaimed oil using a fast-GC triple stage quadrupole mass spectrometer with the 13-component quantitation method

Takakuwa

Miura²,

Matsumura³

et al. 2017

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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It is necessary for companies supplying reclaimed oil to analyze polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), because there is a possibility of the presence of contaminants due to trace-level PCBs in the reclaimed oil. However, common analysis methods of PCBs are time-consuming and complicated. Fast-GC triple stage quadrupole mass spectrometer with the 13-component quantitation method is an official method for analyzing PCBs in insulating oil in Japan. This method is extremely fast and simplified. The purpose of this study involves an investigation of the aforementioned fast and simple method for potential use in the analysis of reclaimed oil. Furthermore, it was attempted to combine the method with sample preparation involving only hexane dilution. The effect of sample dilutions corresponding to 100, 300, and 500 times was evaluated for reducing the matrix effect. The matrix effect was suppressed at a dilution ratio equal to or exceeding 300 times. Calibration curves of four points, namely 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.5 ng/mL, (ignored origin) by using an internal standard method were prepared for the 13 components. The square of regression coefficient (R2) values of all calibration curves exceeded 0.997. This method was adopted for the analysis of reclaimed oil containing 0.5 μg/mL PCBs, which corresponds to the judgment criteria, and accurate quantitation (accuracy value, 94.0–102%) and good repeatability (%RSD, 3.6%) were obtained. Furthermore, the required sensitivity was maintained even when 800 samples were analyzed without a cleaning ion source and an exchanging analysis column.

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A DMSO-based cleanup procedure for determination of PCBs in waste oil

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Ionizing Radiation Induced Degradation of Tetrachlorobiphenyl in Transformer Oil

Ionizing Radiation Induced Degradation of Tetrachlorobiphenyl in Transformer Oil

Mineral oil certified reference materials for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls from the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ)

Analysis method for PCBs in reclaimed oil using a fast-GC triple stage quadrupole mass spectrometer with the 13-component quantitation method

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