A DSC Test for the Early Detection of Neoplastic Gastric Lesions in a Medium-Risk Gastric Cancer Area

Abstract

In this study, we aimed to assess the accuracy of the proposed novel, noninvasive serum DSC test in predicting the risk of gastric cancer before the use of upper endoscopy. To validate the DSC test, we enrolled two series of individuals living in Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy (n = 53 and n = 113, respectively), who were referred for an endoscopy. The classification used for the DSC test to predict gastric cancer risk combines the coefficient of the patient’s age and sex and serum pepsinogen I and II, gastrin 17, and anti-Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G concentrations in two equations: Y1 and Y2. The coefficient of variables and the Y1 and Y2 cutoff points (>0.385 and >0.294, respectively) were extrapolated using regression analysis and an ROC curve analysis of two retrospective datasets (300 cases for the Y1 equation and 200 cases for the Y2 equation). The first dataset included individuals with autoimmune atrophic gastritis and first-degree relatives with gastric cancer; the second dataset included blood donors. Demographic data were collected; serum pepsinogen, gastrin G17, and anti-Helicobacter pylori IgG concentrations were assayed using an automatic Maglumi system. Gastroscopies were performed by gastroenterologists using an Olympus video endoscope with detailed photographic documentation during examinations. Biopsies were taken at five standardized mucosa sites and were assessed by a pathologist for diagnosis. The accuracy of the DSC test in predicting neoplastic gastric lesions was estimated to be 74.657% (65%CI; 67.333% to 81.079%). The DSC test was found to be a useful, noninvasive, and simple approach to predicting gastric cancer risk in a population with a medium risk of developing gastric cancer.

Circulating Proteins as Diagnostic Markers in Gastric Cancer

“…This study found that high-grade dysplasia or neoplasia only developed in patients with extensive precancerous lesions and a low PGI/II ratio ≤ 3 and/or an OLGIM stage (III-IV) during follow-ups, which occurred approximately 57 months later. In De Re et al's study [159], after a median follow-up of 15.5 months, two out of 17 individuals experienced an elevation in DSC classification from the negative category to the neutral category, even though the histological diagnosis remained at moderate atrophy (OLGA stage 0-II).…”

“…In a recent study [159], a screening strategy called the DSC test was introduced to identify individuals at risk of GC in geographical areas with a medium risk of GC incidence, such as Italy, where the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) is less than 14 per 100,000 [160]. To validate this test, two cohorts of individuals from Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy, were enrolled: a retrospective cohort of 500 individuals and a prospective cohort of 163 individuals referred for an endoscopy.…”

Nationwide survey ofHelicobacter pyloriseropositivity and gastric atrophy in Zambia

“…22 (25) 24 (20) Fourth 514 (22) 74 (17) 164 (23) 41 (15) 22 (25) 14 (12) Fifth 567 (24) 73 (16) 134 (18) 42 ( 15…”

“…A reduction in the PG1 to PG2 ratio, therefore, signifies the presence of loss of glandular mass in the proximal stomach 17 . Testing for PG1 to PG2 ratio is a useful strategy for assessing gastric cancer risk 15,18 . The occurrence of gastric atrophy increases with age 19 .…”

“…17 Testing for PG1 to PG2 ratio is a useful strategy for assessing gastric cancer risk. 15,18 The occurrence of gastric atrophy increases with age. 19 It is generally thought that about 10% of individuals infected with H. pylori will develop moderate to severe gastric atrophy in their lifetime.…”