A Dual-Discrete Model Predictive Control-Based MPPT for PV Systems

Abstract

This paper presents a method that overcomes the problem of the confusion during fast irradiance change in the classical MPPTs as well as in model predictive control (MPC)based MPPTs available in the literature. The previously introduced MPC-based MPPTs take into account the model of the converter only, which make them prone to the drift during fast environmental conditions. Therefore, the model of the PV array is also considered in the proposed algorithm, which allows it to be prompt during rapid environmental condition changes. It takes into account multiple previous samples of power, and based on that is able to take the correct tracking decision when the predicted and measured power differ (in case of drift issue). After the tracking decision is taken, it will be sent to a second part of the algorithm as a reference. The second part is used for following the reference provided by the first part, where the pulses are sent directly to the converter, without a modulator or a linear controller. The proposed technique is validated experimentally by using a buck converter, fed by a PV simulator. The tracking efficiency is evaluated according to EN50530 standard in static and dynamic conditions. The experimental results show that the proposed MPC-MPPT is a quick and accurate tracker under very fast changing irradiance, while maintaining high tracking efficiency even under very low irradiance.

Enhanced Intelligent Energy Management System for a Renewable Energy-Based AC Microgrid

“…The deployment of the system was shown to be an excellent option to improve energy security in all respects, e.g., reliability, power quality and environmental protection. The PV works as a primary energy source feeding the load and the HESS through a DC-DC converter, which achieves the PV maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control [28][29][30]. A HESS represents a backup source when the power generated by the PV is insufficient to support the AC load.…”

Power System Hardware in the Loop (PSHIL): A Holistic Testing Approach for Smart Grid Technologies

“…The possible list of devices that can be found in the specialized literature is endless, ranging from photovoltaic (PV) inverters [30], wind generators [31], HVDC [32], FACTS [14], energy storage systems [33], electric vehicle charging stations [26], OLTCs for power transformers [34], to digital protective relays [35]. Similarly, the functionalities that can be tested are numerous: primary control of voltage and frequency of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) [36], current control in VSCs, inertia emulation in DERs [37,38], protection of VSCs during short-circuit faults [20], high-frequency power smoothing of renewable energy resources [39], MPPT in PV systems [40,41], etc. The simultaneous implementation of these strategies in several DUTs within a PSHIL environment allows evaluating the global impact on the power system under study, but also, mutual interactions between different DUTs can be analyzed, such as the elimination of zero-sequence current flow between transformerless grid-connected VSCs with a common DC bus [42] or the resonance frequencies originating between VSCs [43] .…”

Large Photovoltaic Power Plants Integration: A Review of Challenges and Solutions

“…Several techniques have been reported in the literatures, where the most often adopted are open-circuit voltage technology (OCVT) [54], perturbation and observation (P&O) [55], and incremental conductance (IC) [56]. The latter two methods are similar in the perturbation implementation on the control variable; both methods are applicable to any type of PV module where information about the PV modules is not required [57]. Multiple peaks appear in the power-voltage (P-V) curves in the case of partial shading [58].…”