A Dual-Layer Technique for the Application of a Fixative on Water-Sensitive Media on Paper

Viñas, Salvador Muñoz

doi:10.1515/rest.2007.78

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In paper conservation, CDD was commonly used as a temporary barrier for water-sensitive materials during aqueous treatment. The possibilities of CDD as a temporary water-proofing material for paper-based artefacts were realized quite early (Brückle et al 1999;Bandow 1999;Wimmer and Haberditzl 1999;Blüher, Haberditzl, and Wimmer 1999), and were subsequently recognized by different authors (see, e. g., Chevalier 2001;Scharff and Nielsen 2003;Muñoz-Viñas 2007), and by a number of practicing conservators worldwide.…”

Section: Cdd In Paper Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Temperature on the Application of Cyclododecane in Paper Conservation

Viñas

Vivancos-Ramón

Ruiz-Segura³

2016

Restaurator. International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material

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In paper conservation, cyclododecane (CDD) is commonly used to waterproof water-sensitive inks and paints. In order to apply CDD over thin lines (such as those of drawings or signatures), conservators often use kistkas. While being a useful, convenient tool, the kistka does not always allow for a precise application of CDD. In this study, the influence of the CDD temperature on its tendency to spread through the paper-fibre web and its ability to waterproof water-sensitive materials were assessed. CDD was applied on four types of paper that were considered to be representative. During the tests, the temperature of a regular kistka was precisely controlled through an open-loop phasecontrol AC regulator. The test series showed that at a temperature of approximately 70°C, CDD is very easy to apply precisely, yet its waterproofing effects are not very good; at approximately 90°C, CDD is excellent at waterproofing, but is very difficult to apply precisely. While the ideal temperature may vary depending on the technical requirements of the artefact, it is important to stress that a variation of as little as 5°C has a relevant influence on the applicability and waterproofing efficiency of melted CDD.

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Section: Cdd In Paper Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Temperature on the Application of Cyclododecane in Paper Conservation

Viñas

Vivancos-Ramón

Ruiz-Segura³

2016

Restaurator. International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material

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“…In 2004, cyclododecane was used successfully as a temporary consolidant to preserve the positive positions of thousands of stone pieces in stone armour that was discovered by the Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses (Xia et al 2005). In the literature, cyclododecane can also be used as a masking material, a barrier layer, a volatile fixative and so on, in many kinds of articles, including fragile objects, delicate fossils and water-sensitive ink on paper, as well as textiles (Maish and Risser 2002;Arenstein et al 2004;Muñoz-Viñas 2007;Brown and Davidson 2010). However, many conservators, while 'jumping on the bandwagon' (Rowe and Rozeik 2008), are unaware of the health-and safety-related issues concerning cyclododecane, especially now it is confirmed that cyclododecane is highly bioaccumulative and its exposure limits have not been established to date (Muros and Hirx 2004;Pool 2006;European Chemicals Agency 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Menthol as Temporary Consolidant in the Excavation of Qin Shihuang's Terracotta Army

Han

Rong²,

Huang

et al. 2013

Archaeometry

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Temporary consolidation is widely used to protect delicate artefacts or other fragile relics in art conservation. Although cyclododecane is extensively accepted, the safety-related issues have become an increasing concern and its short working time is always annoying. Inspired by its low melting point, polar structure, well-established safety profile, easy local availability and low cost, we propose menthol as a new temporary consolidant on the new excavation site of Qin Shihuang's Terracotta Army. In this paper, we offer a preliminarily exploration of the kinetics of menthol sublimation on two different matrices, its residue after volatilization, its penetrability and distribution in simulated terracotta samples, as well as other important properties in the laboratory. The results obtained from these tests reveal that the sublimation of menthol can be a zero-or a first-order process, depending on the porosity of the matrices, and its best operational temperature resides in the range of 60-80°C. Finally, two field cases at the archaeological site of Qin Shihuang's Terracotta Army are presented to show that menthol is a very effective temporary consolidant.

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Paper conservation methods: a literature review

2015

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A Dual-Layer Technique for the Application of a Fixative on Water-Sensitive Media on Paper

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

The Influence of Temperature on the Application of Cyclododecane in Paper Conservation

The Influence of Temperature on the Application of Cyclododecane in Paper Conservation

The Use of Menthol as Temporary Consolidant in the Excavation of Qin Shihuang's Terracotta Army

Paper conservation methods: a literature review

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