A Factor Analytic Study of the Protestant Work Ethic

Tang, Thomas Li‐Ping

doi:10.1080/00224545.1993.9712124

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Before rotation, these factors accounted for 41.54% of the total variance among the 16 PWE items. Mchoskey (1994), Tang (1993), and Mudrack (1997) accounted for similar amount (39, 45.5 and 42.5%, respectively) of variances among 19 PWE items with four factors. Five items were omitted because of low factor loadings.…”

Section: Factor Analysis Of Pwe Itemsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Furnham (1990b) compared and contrasted seven measures of the PWE and found five readily interpretable factors: respect for, admiration of, and willingness to take part in hard work; a disdain for leisure, religion, and morality; independence from others; the asceticism, and the damage of having too much time and money. Using PWE Scale developed by Mirels and Garrett (1971) and a sample of students in Taiwan, Tang (1993) developed four factors: hard work, internal motive, asceticism, and attitudes toward leisure. Also using the same scale, McHoskey (1994) presented four factors: success, asceticism, hard work, and anti-leisure.…”

Section: Confucian Dynamismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among a number of scales to be constructed to measure PWE, the Mirels and Garrett scale has been the most widely used in research, especially in Factor Analysis (Baguma and Furnham 1993;Furnham 1982Furnham , 1990aFurnham and Rose 1987;Kidron 1978;Tang 1993, McHoskey 1994Wentworth and Chell 1997;Arslan 2001). We also use this scale in present study.…”

Section: Confucian Dynamismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the Relationship Between Protestant Work Ethic and Confucian Dynamism: An Empirical Test in Mainland China

Zhang

Liu

2011

J Bus Ethics

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This study examined the relationship between the Protestant Work Ethic (PWE) and Confucian Dynamism in a sample of 1,757 respondents from several provinces in mainland China. Mirels and Garrett's (J Consult Clin Psychol 36:40-44, 1971) PWE Scale and Robertson's (Manag Int Rev 40:253-268, 2000) Confucian Dynamism Scale were used to measure the work ethics. The 16 items of the PWE Scale and eight items of the Confucian Dynamism Scale were initially subjected to a principal components analysis. Factor analysis produced four factors of the PWE, which were labeled as follows: hard work, internal motive, admiration of work itself, and negative attitude to leisure; and three factors of the Confucian Dynamism, which were labeled: long-term orientation, short-term orientation, and guanxi orientation. The results of a multiple regression analysis indicated that all the dimensions of PWE were positively related to Confucian Dynamism, but negatively to guanxi orientation. The results also indicated that three PWE dimensions (''hard work,'' ''internal motive,'' and ''admiration of work itself'') were positively and significantly related to long-term orientation, but two of them were related negatively and significantly to the short-term orientation of Confucian Dynamism. In addition, the results showed that the dimension-admiration of work itself-of PWE was significantly and negatively associated with the guanxi orientation, but significantly and positively to the short-term orientation.

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Section: Factor Analysis Of Pwe Itemsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Confucian Dynamismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Confucian Dynamismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the Relationship Between Protestant Work Ethic and Confucian Dynamism: An Empirical Test in Mainland China

Zhang

Liu

2011

J Bus Ethics

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“…Furnham (1990b) conducted a factor analysis based on the seven aforementioned work ethic questionnaires and identified five interpretable factors: asceticism, belief in hard work, leisure, religious and moral beliefs and independences. Tang (1993), basing on the pwe scale, developed four factors -hard work, internal motive, asceticism and attitude toward leisure -with a Taiwanese sample. Using again the pwe scale, Mchoskey (1994) conducted a factor analysis and identified four factors: success, asceticism, hard work and anti-leisure.…”

Section: Measuring Work Ethicmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Validity Study of the mwep Scale in Hong Kong

Kwong¹,

Wan²

2017

MNG

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This article examines the validity of the Multidimensional Work Ethic Profile, mwep, in the Hong Kong setting. Purposive quota sampling is adopted to solicit data from a total of 140 respondents with equal gender distribution across seven age groups in Hong Kong. Factor analysis reveals that similarity exists between factor loadings in original mwep model of Miller, Woehr, and Hudspeth (2002) and the model in the current study with Hong Kong samples. However, the mwep items in the current study does not map exactly into the seven dimensions proposed by Miller, Woehr, and Hudspeth. The leisure and the morality/ethics dimensions match with the original scale respectively with good and poor reliabilities, but the hard work and wasted time dimensions have intertwined and appeared to be inseparable.

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“…Factor analytic investigations of the various measures have found the existence of several identifiable factors (Furnham, 1990b;Heaven, 1989;Tang, 1993;Mirels & Garrett, 1971;McHoskey, 1994). For example,…”

Section: -6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Summer Research Program - 1998 Summer Research Extension Program Volume 1 Armstrong Laboratory

Moore¹

1998

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PubSc report™ bunlen for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing, instructions, searcl the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information^incWng sugg« AUTHOR(S)Gary Moore PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)Research & Development Laboratories (RDL) 5800 Uplander Way Culver City, CA 90230-6608 The United States Air Force Summer Research Program (SRP) is designed to introduce university, college, and technical institute faculty members to Air Force research. This is accomplished by the faculty members, graduate students, and high school students being selected on a nationally advertised competitive basis during the summer intersession period to perforn research at Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Technical Directorates and Air Force Air Logistics Centers (ALC). AFOSR also offers its research associates (faculty only) an opportunity, under the Summer Research Extension Program (SREP), to continue their AFOSR-sponsored research at their home institutions through the award of research grants. This volume consists of the SREP program background, management information, statistics, a listing of the participants, and the technical report for each participant of the SREP working at the AF Armstrong Laboratory. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES)Air SUBJECT TERMS J GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING SF 298The Report Documentation Page (RDP) is used in announcing and cataloging reports. It is important that this information be consistent with the rest of the report, particularly the cover and title page. Instructions for filling in each block of the form follow. It is important to stay within the fines to meet optical scanning requirements. Block 1. Agency Use Only (Leave blank).Block 2. Report Date. Full publication date including day, month, and year, if available (e.g. 1 Jan 88). Must cite at least the year.Block 3. Type of Report and Dates Covered. State whether report is interim, final, etc. If applicable, enter inclusive report dates (e.g. 10Jun87-30Jun88).Block 4. Title and Subtitle. A title is taken from the part of the report that provides the most meaningful and complete information. When a report is prepared in more than one volume, repeat the primary title, add volume number, and include subtitle for the specific volume. On classified documents enter the title classification in parentheses.Block 5. Funding Numbers. To include contract and grant numbers; may include program element number(s), project number(s), task number(s), and work unit number(s). Use the following labels:C -Contract G -Grant PE-Program ElementPR -Project TA ■ Task WU -Work Unit Accession No.Block 6. Author(s). Name(s) of person(s) responsible for writing the report, performing the research, or credited with the content of the report. If editor or compiler, this should follow the name(s). Block 7.Performing Organization Name(s) and Address(es). Self-explanatory.B...

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A Factor Analytic Study of the Protestant Work Ethic

Cited by 27 publications

References 19 publications

Investigating the Relationship Between Protestant Work Ethic and Confucian Dynamism: An Empirical Test in Mainland China

Investigating the Relationship Between Protestant Work Ethic and Confucian Dynamism: An Empirical Test in Mainland China

A Validity Study of the mwep Scale in Hong Kong

Summer Research Program - 1998 Summer Research Extension Program Volume 1 Armstrong Laboratory

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