A fast and accurate mean radiant temperature model for courtyards: Evidence from the Keyuan Garden in central Guangdong, China

Wu, Renzhi; Fang, Xiaoshan; Liu, Shuang; Middel, Ariane

doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109916

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Also, design-support procedures to optimise courtyard inner space layout for building microclimate have been developed [53]. In most cases, simulations of outdoor thermal comfort in courtyards are based on ENVI-met software [54][55][56][57], which returns maps on air, soil and building surfaces, as well as the thermal comfort expressed through the Physiological Equivalent Temperature Index (PET), the Universal Thermal Climatic Index (UTCI) and the predicted mean vote (PMV) [58]. PET, in particular, is defined by Höppe [58] as "the air temperature at which, in a typical indoor setting (without wind and solar radiation), the heat budget of the human body is balanced with the same core and skin temperature as under the complex outdoor conditions to be assessed".…”

Section: Assessment Of Outdoor Comfort In Courtyardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor Microclimate in Courtyard Buildings: Impact of Building Perimeter Configuration and Tree Density

Marchi,

Gaspari,

Fabbri

2023

Buildings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As the effects of climate change and urbanisation intensify, liveability and comfort in outdoor spaces decrease. Because of large spaces exposed to solar radiation and low crossing of airflows, courtyard buildings are extremely vulnerable in this regard. However, there are significant gaps in the literature on outdoor comfort in courtyards, especially regarding the effect of border configuration (including gap position and features), as well that of tree density. The study proposes a methodology—to be used during preliminary design—to compare the effect of alternative scenarios for courtyard buildings on outdoor microclimate, varying both the building perimeter configuration and courtyard vegetation layout. A matrix is set to combine the two variables and select relevant scenarios, which are then simulated in ENVI-met focusing on air temperature, wind speed and physiological equivalent temperature (PET). A case study in Bologna, Italy (humid subtropical climate) is presented as an example of the implementation. The resulting outdoor microclimate maps and frequency diagrams are compared and discussed. It emerges that both variables have a role in outdoor comfort: while gap configuration affects air temperature more (up to a difference of 1 °C), tree density impacts PET by up to 2 °C difference. The methodology can be replicated in several other contexts to support the optimisation of courtyard building design from the early stages.

show abstract

Section: Assessment Of Outdoor Comfort In Courtyardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor Microclimate in Courtyard Buildings: Impact of Building Perimeter Configuration and Tree Density

Marchi,

Gaspari,

Fabbri

2023

Buildings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Having made a comparison among three different tools (CMRT, ENVI-met, and Ladybug) used to simulate the OTC of a Chinese courtyard [39], Wu et al argue that the first is faster and more reliable in calculating the mean radiant temperature of surfaces, but no other features are compared.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Thermal Comfort In Courtyardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sun-Shading Sails in Courtyards: An Italian Case Study with RayMan

Fabbri,

Antonini,

Marchi

2023

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Forecasts of a drastic increase in temperatures in the coming decades are driving the adoption of design strategies and solutions to improve the livability of urban environments. Increasing attention is being paid to the thermal comfort of open spaces by both designers and researchers. Nature-based solutions and man-made devices to improve the comfort of outdoor spaces during summer are spreading, but effective, easy simulation and design support tools for this purpose are still lacking, as most of the available software such as ENVI-met or RayMan cannot model such devices. As Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) is one of the most relevant and comprehensive indicators of Outdoor Thermal Comfort (OTC), this study aims to investigate PET variations of different artificial shading systems and propose a simplified methodology for assessing them through analytical simulations with RayMan software. When modeling the shading elements, the trick adopted for this purpose is to associate different cloud densities with the shading provided by the screens, thus overcoming a gap that affects the software. The procedure is digitally tested in a covered courtyard case study in Bologna (Italy). Diverse options proposed by the designers for textile screening materials have been compared, showing that these reduce by at least 1 °C the PET-gauged thermal stress. Beyond specific results, the main outcome of this study is the procedure developed to simulate sun-shading sail effects on OTC by means of RayMan, which can support designers in planning effective solutions for open space livability in summertime.

show abstract

Establishing a link between complex courtyard spaces and thermal comfort: A major advancement in evidence-based design

Wu,

Fang,

Brown

et al. 2023

Building and Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A fast and accurate mean radiant temperature model for courtyards: Evidence from the Keyuan Garden in central Guangdong, China

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Outdoor Microclimate in Courtyard Buildings: Impact of Building Perimeter Configuration and Tree Density

Outdoor Microclimate in Courtyard Buildings: Impact of Building Perimeter Configuration and Tree Density

Sun-Shading Sails in Courtyards: An Italian Case Study with RayMan

Establishing a link between complex courtyard spaces and thermal comfort: A major advancement in evidence-based design

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About