A fast temperature-programmed second-dimension column for comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography

Second-Dimension Temperature Programming System for Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography. Part 1: Precise Temperature Control Based on Column Electrical Resistance

“…This bundle was mounted on top of the GC, where compressed air controlled by a solenoid valve was used to cool the 2 D column bundle. 14 The issue with the temperature sensing approaches described was the delayed response between the sensor and the column temperature. A solution to this was the use of metal-cladded fused silica capillary columns, which were resistively heated, and the column temperature was determined by measuring the column's electrical resistance.…”

“…The result is an actual increase in peak capacity per unit time or an increase in peak capacity when comparing equally long separations . Due to the time-limited nature of the 2 D separation, temperature programming is the ideal solution to resolve issues due to wraparound peaks while minimizing resolution loss between weakly retained compounds and maximizing the 2 D peak capacity ( 2 n c ). − The challenge of such an approach, however, is achieving rapid and uniform heating and cooling times, while having accurate temperature measurement with short response times for temperature control.…”

“…Cai and Stearns utilized a collinear heating design, where the 2 D fused silica column and a parallel nickel heating/sensing wire were wrapped together to form a tight bundle. This bundle was mounted on top of the GC, where compressed air controlled by a solenoid valve was used to cool the 2 D column bundle . The issue with the temperature sensing approaches described was the delayed response between the sensor and the column temperature.…”