A fault-tolerant sequential circuit design for soft errors based on fault-secure circuit

Ostanin, S.; Matrosova, A.; Butorina, N.; Lavrov, V. S.

doi:10.1109/ewdts.2016.7807676

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Several techniques for operating the IoT edges safely have been presented in the past. First, techniques to compare processing results using the duplicate and comparison circuits for critical modules in the system or to add redundancy circuits in the system for voting techniques to maintain reliability are mainly used [37][38][39]. However, these techniques have problems in that both their logic area and power consumption increase due to redundant circuits.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient On-Demand Hardware Replacement Platform for Metamorphic Functional Processing in Edge-Centric IoT Applications

Moon

Park

2021

Electronics

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The paradigm of Internet-of-things (IoT) systems is changing from a cloud-based system to an edge-based system. These changes were able to solve the delay caused by the rapid concentration of data in the communication network, the delay caused by the lack of server computing capacity, and the security issues that occur in the data communication process. However, edge-based IoT systems performance was insufficient to process large numbers of data due to limited power supply, fixed hardware functions, and limited hardware resources. To improve their performance, application-specific hardware can be installed in edge devices, but performance cannot be improved except for specific applications due to a fixed function of an application-specific hardware. This paper introduces an edge-centric metamorphic IoT (mIoT) platform that can use various hardware modules through on-demand partial reconfiguration, despite the limited hardware resources of edge devices. In addition, this paper introduces an RISC-V based metamorphic IoT processor (mIoTP) with reconfigurable peripheral modules. We experimented to prove that the proposed structure can reduce the server access of edges and can be applied to a large-scale IoT system. Experiments were conducted in a single-edge environment and a large-scale environment combining one physical edge and 99 virtual edges. According to the experimental results, the edge-centric mIoT platform that executes the reconfiguration prediction algorithm at the edge was able to reduce the number of server accesses by up to 82.2% compared to our previous study in which the prediction process was executed at the server. Furthermore, we confirmed that there is no additional reconfiguration time overhead even for the large IoT systems.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient On-Demand Hardware Replacement Platform for Metamorphic Functional Processing in Edge-Centric IoT Applications

Moon

Park

2021

Electronics

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“…Moreover, IoT devices are exposed to various risks in a variety of environments, resulting in less stability. Technology research to maintain IoT has been conducted in many fields; for example, such research mainly uses techniques that compare processing results, using the duplicate and comparison technique for critical areas of hardware, and add redundancy circuits through voting techniques that maintain reliability [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. In addition to the technology that uses hardware, the technology that uses software has developed as well.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mIoT: Metamorphic IoT Platform for On-Demand Hardware Replacement in Large-Scaled IoT Applications

Lee

Moon

et al. 2020

Sensors

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As the Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming more pervasive in our daily lives, the number of devices that connect to IoT edges and data generated at the edges are rapidly increasing. On account of the bottlenecks in servers, due to the increase in data, as well as security and privacy issues, the IoT paradigm has shifted from cloud computing to edge computing. Pursuant to this trend, embedded devices require complex computation capabilities. However, due to various constraints, edge devices cannot equip enough hardware to process data, so the flexibility of operation is reduced, because of the limitations of fixed hardware functions, relative to cloud computing. Recently, as application fields and collected data types diversify, and, in particular, applications requiring complex computation such as artificial intelligence (AI) and signal processing are applied to edges, flexible processing and computation capabilities based on hardware acceleration are required. In this paper, to meet these needs, we propose a new IoT platform, called a metamorphic IoT (mIoT) platform, which can various hardware acceleration with limited hardware platform resources, through on-demand transmission and reconfiguration of required hardware at edges instead of via transference of sensing data to a server. The proposed platform reconfigures the edge’s hardware with minimal overhead, based on a probabilistic value, known as callability. The mIoT consists of reconfigurable edge devices based on RISC-V architecture and a server that manages the reconfiguration of edge devices based on callability. Through various experimental results, we confirmed that the callability-based mIoT platform can provide the hardware required by the edge device in real time. In addition, by performing various functions with small hardware, power consumption, which is a major constraint of IoT, can be reduced.

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“…Their method required little space because just a few states require protection as well as improved the fault tolerance of synthesized sequential circuits. Ostanin et al [10] presented a fault-tolerant, low-overhead, and synchronous sequential circuit design. Their approach was based on a fault-secure system.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and analysis of fault-tolerant sequential logic circuits for safety-critical applications

Khairullah,

Qassabbashi,

Kareem

2024

Bulletin EEI

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Safety-critical systems used in applications that demand high levels of dependability, efficiency, and fault-tolerance often use sequential logic circuits in its design and implementation. The safety-critical digital system typically uses latches, flip-flops, and other memory elements, which are prone to the effects of natural faults and single event upsets (SEUs) caused by radiation-induced effects. The faults can lead to subsystem failures due to the continuous advancement in the realization of the small size transistor. To design a reliable digital-based system, it is essential to develop new fault-tolerance approaches that are integrated into the design of sequential logic circuits. This work proposes a novel fault-tolerant approach based on the redundancy of sequential logic circuit, which consists of a variety of design components, D flip-flop storage elements linked to a fault injection unit, a duplicate modular redundancy, and data monitoring units with a switching circuit. The experimental simulation results using a five-state Markov chain analysis model prove that the proposed fault-tolerant system can achieve 0.99999998 for reliability of the fault detection coverage (C) which equal to 0.99999. Finally, we believe that using this new approach of fault-tolerance and redundancy would improve the dependability and reliability of next generation safety-critical applications.

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A fault-tolerant sequential circuit design for soft errors based on fault-secure circuit

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

An Efficient On-Demand Hardware Replacement Platform for Metamorphic Functional Processing in Edge-Centric IoT Applications

An Efficient On-Demand Hardware Replacement Platform for Metamorphic Functional Processing in Edge-Centric IoT Applications

mIoT: Metamorphic IoT Platform for On-Demand Hardware Replacement in Large-Scaled IoT Applications

Design and analysis of fault-tolerant sequential logic circuits for safety-critical applications

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