A First Insight into North American Plant Pathogenic Fungi Armillaria sinapina Transcriptome

Abstract

<jats:p>Armillaria sinapina, a fungal pathogen of primary timber species of North American forests, causes white root rot disease that ultimately kills the trees. A more detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying this illness will support future developments on disease resistance and management, as well as in the decomposition of cellulosic material for further use. In this study, RNA-Seq technology was used to compare the transcriptome profiles of A. sinapina fungal culture grown in yeast malt broth medium supplemented or not with betulin, a natural compound of the terpenoid group found in abundance in white birch bark. This was done to identify enzyme transcripts involved in the metabolism (redox reaction) of betulin into betulinic acid, a potent anticancer drug. De novo assembly and characterization of A. sinapina transcriptome was performed using Illumina technology. A total of 170,592,464 reads were generated, then 273,561 transcripts were characterized. Approximately, 53% of transcripts could be identified using public databases with several metabolic pathways represented. A total of 11 transcripts involved in terpenoid biosynthesis were identified. In addition, 25 gene transcripts that could play a significant role in lignin degradation were uncovered, as well as several redox enzymes of the cytochromes P450 family. To our knowledge, this research is the first transcriptomic study carried out on A. sinapina.</jats:p>

Review Update on the Life Cycle, Plant–Microbe Interaction, Genomics, Detection and Control Strategies of the Oil Palm Pathogen Ganoderma boninense

“…With the advancement and improvement of sequencing technologies, genome and transcriptome sequencing has become the approached method in understanding microbial interactions with the environment [ 58 , 59 ], animal hosts [ 60 ] and plant hosts [ 61 , 62 ]. Currently, the genomes of five pathogenic strains of G. boninense have been sequenced: two strains isolated from Indonesia, i.e., the strains NJ3 and G3 [ 63 , 64 ]; and three strains isolated from Malaysia, i.e., PER71, BRIUMSc [ 65 ] and FGV-M [ 66 ].…”

Mycorrhizosphere Bacteria, Rahnella sp. HPDA25, Promotes the Growth of Armillaria gallica and Its Parasitic Host Gastrodia elata

“…Differential expression analysis was performed using the DESeq2 R package (1.20.0). The transcript levels with adjusted P-value ≤ 0.05 and a fold change (log2FC) ≥1 were designated as significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs; Fradj et al, 2020). Each DEG was annotated using the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and the enrichment analysis was performed using the clusterProfiler R package (Wu et al, 2021).…”

A Combination of Genome Mining with an OSMAC Approach Facilitates the Discovery of and Contributions to the Biosynthesis of Melleolides from the Basidiomycete Armillaria tabescens

“…The basidiomycete genus Armillaria , belonging to the family Physalacriaceae, includes approximately 70 morphological species exhibiting a parasitic or saprotrophic lifestyle. , They are widely distributed as devastating pathogens of broadleaf trees, conifers, or herbaceous plants. This devastating disease, which poses a serious threat to the timber industry, is called Armillaria butt and root disease .…”