A first look at HTTP/3 adoption and performance

Perna, Gianluca; Trevisan, Martino; Giordano, Danilo; Drago, Idílio

doi:10.1016/j.comcom.2022.02.005

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…On the other hand, it is possible to consider the use of the novel HTTP/3 protocol [41]. Specifically, existing research has found that HTTP/3 brought effective boosts for the user's QoE in long-form video streaming [34,42], especially for the case of the mobile network [43,44]. Yet, no research has ever investigated the similar impact of HTTP/3 on neither the QoE nor data wastage in short video streaming.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sprinkle Prebuffer Strategy to Improve Quality of Experience with Less Data Wastage in Short-Form Video Streaming

et al. 2022

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In mobile short-form video streaming, the video application usually provides the user with a playlist of recommended videos to be played one by one. In order to prevent playback stalls caused by possible fluctuations in the mobile network, after finishing buffering the currently-playing video, commercial video players continue to prebuffer (i.e., buffer in advance before playback) one subsequent video in the playlist with as much content as possible. However, since the user can skip a video at any time if he/she does not like it, prebuffering too much video content leads to the wastage of mobile data. Contrarily, without prebuffering any subsequent video, the video player is exposed to high risks of stalling events, which threaten the user’s quality of experience (QoE). In this paper, a novel Sprinkle Prebuffer Strategy (SPS) is proposed to overcome such drawbacks. Once the currently-playing video’s buffer reaches an optimal buffer threshold, the proposed SPS attempts to concurrently prebuffer all subsequent videos in the playlist, each up to an optimal prebuffer threshold. Based on the evaluation results, it is proven that the proposed SPS outperforms the referenced methods in providing the best user’s QoE with reasonable compensation for data wastage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sprinkle Prebuffer Strategy to Improve Quality of Experience with Less Data Wastage in Short-Form Video Streaming

et al. 2022

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“…Resource Multiplexing [48] HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) over H3 [49] H3 with Lighthouse [50] H3 adoption and performance measurement [51][52][53] H3 over LEO satellites [21] H3 with IoT [54] C. HTTP3 protocol…”

Section: B Quic Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Web Privacy By Design: Evaluating Cross-layer Interactions of QUIC, DNS and H/3

Sengupta

Kosek

Fries

et al. 2023

2023 IFIP Networking Conference (IFIP Networking)

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Every Web session involves a DNS resolution. While, in the last decade, we witnessed a promising trend towards an encrypted Web in general, DNS encryption has only recently gained traction with the standardisation of DNS over TLS (DoT) and DNS over HTTPS (DoH). Meanwhile, the rapid rise of QUIC deployment has now opened up an exciting opportunity to utilise the same protocol to not only encrypt Web communications, but also DNS. In this paper, we evaluate this benefit of using QUIC to coalesce name resolution via DNS over QUIC (DoQ), and Web content delivery via HTTP/3 (H3) with 0-RTT. We compare this scenario using several possible combinations where H3 is used in conjunction with DoH and DoQ, as well as the unencrypted DNS over UDP (DoUDP). We observe, that when using H3 1-RTT, page load times with DoH can get inflated by >30% over fixed-line and by >50% over mobile when compared to unencrypted DNS with DoUDP. However, this cost of encryption can be drastically reduced when encrypted connections are coalesced (DoQ + H3 0-RTT), thereby reducing the page load times by 1/3 over fixedline and 1/2 over mobile, overall making connection coalescing with QUIC the best option for encrypted communication on the Internet.

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“…When the network interface changes frequently, and users send frameseek requests, QUIC enhances QoE due to the reduction in the wait time and rebuffering rates. Perna et al [18] evaluate HTTP/3 performance in the context of adaptive video streaming with Cloudflare's quiche HTTP/3 and QUIC implementation 3 . The authors conclude that HTTP/3 does not bring benefits to the QoE of viewers.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By the end of 2020, less than 5% of the websites used HTTP/3; but currently, this figure has increased substantially and reached 25% 1 . However, those websites often host web page objects from third-party HTTP/2 servers [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DoFP+: An HTTP/3-Based Adaptive Bitrate Approach Using Retransmission Techniques

et al. 2022

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HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) solutions use various adaptive bitrate (ABR) algorithms to select suitable video qualities with the objective of coping with the variations of network connections. HTTP has been evolving with various versions and provides more and more features. Most of the existing ABR algorithms do not significantly benefit from the HTTP development when they are merely supported by the most recent HTTP version. An open research question is "How can new features of the recent HTTP versions be used to enhance the performance of HAS?" To address this question, in this paper, we introduce Days of Future Past+ (DoFP+ for short), a heuristic algorithm that takes advantage of the features of the latest HTTP version, HTTP/3, to provide high Quality of Experience (QoE) to the viewers. DoFP+ leverages HTTP/3 features, including (i) stream multiplexing, (ii) stream priority, and (iii) request cancellation to upgrade lowquality segments in the player buffer while downloading the next segment. The qualities of those segments are selected based on an objective function and throughput constraints. The objective function takes into account two factors, namely the (i) average bitrate and the (ii) video instability of the considered set of segments. We also examine different strategies of download order for those segments to optimize the QoE in limited resources scenarios. The experimental results show an improvement in QoE by up to 33% while the number of stalls and stall duration for DoFP+ are reduced by 86% and 92%, respectively, compared to state-of-the-art ABR schemes. In addition, DoFP+ saves on average up to 16% downloaded data across all test videos. Also, we find that downloading segments sequentially brings more benefits for retransmissions than concurrent downloads; and lower-quality segments should be upgraded before other segments to gain more QoE improvement. Our source code has been published for reproducibility at https://github.com/cdathena/DoFP-Plus.

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A first look at HTTP/3 adoption and performance

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Sprinkle Prebuffer Strategy to Improve Quality of Experience with Less Data Wastage in Short-Form Video Streaming

Sprinkle Prebuffer Strategy to Improve Quality of Experience with Less Data Wastage in Short-Form Video Streaming

Web Privacy By Design: Evaluating Cross-layer Interactions of QUIC, DNS and H/3

DoFP+: An HTTP/3-Based Adaptive Bitrate Approach Using Retransmission Techniques

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