A first phylogenetic analysis reveals a new arboreal tarantula genus from South America with description of a new species and two new species of Tapinauchenius Ausserer, 1871 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae)

Hüsser, Martin

doi:10.3897/zookeys.784.26521

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…may represent an ancient biogeographic relic and the novel placement indicated by our new results certainly warrants further study. The placements of Aviculariinae, Psalmopoeinae and Schismatothelinae together as other relatively derived subfamilies is consistent with the multigene results of Lüddecke et al (2018), which also recovered a corresponding clade for these, inline with other results from single genetic fragments (Turner et al, 2018;Hüsser, 2018).…”

Section: A First Phylogenomic Overview Of Theraphosidaesupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Guadanucci, 2014), although some were also placed in a separate subfamily, "Psalmopoeinae" by other authors (Samm and Schmidt, 2010). Recently, Lüddecke et al (2018) andTurner et al (2018) found molecular evidence for the validity of the subfamily, which shortly thereafter was supported by both morphological and molecular data in Hüsser (2018), Consistent with these studies, our phylogenomic analysis further supports the distinction between Aviculariinae and Psalmopoeinae (including Ephebopus), as evidenced by both the high bootstrap support, and by the fact that, once again, Schismatothelinae were found to be closer to Psalmopoeinae than Aviculariinae, which was placed basal to both of these other subfamilies.…”

Section: Implications For Subfamilial Validity In Theraphosidaementioning

confidence: 85%

“…Put together, we conclude that, as implied by Guadanucci (2014), the "Ischnocolinae" as currently defined represent multiple independent theraphosid lineages. We emphasize the need for future large scale integrative studies that are inclusive of problematic members from across the tarantula family, with a particular focus including multiple "ischnocoline" from diverse geographical areas, plus several representatives of Schismatothelinae, which has also been shown to likely be paraphyletic (Lüddecke et al, 2018;Hüsser, 2018). Unfortunately, we were unable to include additional Schismatothelinae taxa in this study, and therefore cannot test the monophyly or paraphyly of the subfamily.…”

Section: Implications For Subfamilial Validity In Theraphosidaementioning

confidence: 97%

“…A multistate character matrix detailing the presence and absence of different urticating setae types among New World species in our phylogeny was constructed (available in Table S3) in accordance with the literature (e.g. Bertani and Guadanucci, 2013;Hüsser, 2018). We assigned urticating setae of types I, III and IV to different taxa from the subfamily Theraphosinae (after Bertani and Guadanucci, 2013), type II to Aviculariinae (Fukushima and Bertani 2017), and type V solely to the genus Ephebopus (Foelix et al, 2009;Marshall and Uetz, 1990b).…”

Section: Ancestral State Reconstruction Of Urticating Setaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of molecular characters to study theraphosid evolution is relatively recent (e.g. Longhorn et al, 2007;Petersen et al, 2007;Ortiz and Francke, 2016;Turner et al, 2018;Mendoza and Francke, 2017;Ortiz et al, 2018;Hüsser, 2018), and a first comprehensive analysis of major theraphosid lineages was able to support the monophyly of Theraphosidae itself as well as of many subfamilies within (Lüddecke et al, 2018). Further, it provided molecular evidence for the validity of certain subfamilies that were previously uncertain, and therefore highlighted the potential for molecular data to resolve the theraphosid phylogeny.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tarantula phylogenomics: A robust phylogeny of multiple tarantula lineages inferred from transcriptome data sheds light on the prickly issue of urticating setae evolution

Foley

Lueddecke

Chen

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Mygalomorph spiders of the family Theraphosidae, known to the broader public as tarantulas, are among the most recognizable arachnids on earth due to their large size and widespread distribution. Their use of urticating setae is a notable adaptation that has evolved exclusively in certain New World theraphosids. Thus far, the evolutionary history of Theraphosidae remains poorly understood; theraphosid systematics still largely relies on morphological datasets, which suffer from high degrees of homoplasy, and traditional targeted sequencing of preselected genes failed to provide strong support for supra-generic clades (i.e. particularly those broader than subfamilies). In this study, we provide the first robust phylogenetic hypothesis of theraphosid evolution inferred from transcriptome data. A core ortholog approach was used to generate a phylogeny from 2460 orthologous genes across 25 theraphosid genera, representing all of the major theraphosid subfamilies, except Selenogyrinae. For the first time our phylogeny recovers a monophyletic group that comprises the vast majority of New World theraphosid subfamilies including Aviculariinae and Theraphosinae. Concurrently, we provide additional evidence for the integrity of questionable subfamilies, such as Poecilotheriinae and Psalmopoeinae, and support the nonmonophyly of Ischnocolinae. The deeper relationships between almost all subfamilies are confidently inferred for the first time. We also used our phylogeny in tandem with published morphological data to perform ancestral state analyses on urticating setae. This revealed that the evolution of this important defensive trait might be explained by three equally parsimonious scenarios.

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Section: A First Phylogenomic Overview Of Theraphosidaesupporting

confidence: 85%