A five-microRNA panel in plasma was identified as potential biomarker for early detection of gastric cancer

Abstract

Background:Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated as novel biomarkers for gastric cancer (GC) diagnosis. However, the mixture of GC subtypes may have led to the inconsistent circulating miRNA profiles, and the clinical performance of circulating miRNAs has not yet been evaluated independently on early detection of GC.Methods:A four-phase study was designed with a total of 160 cancer-free controls, 124 patients with gastric non-cardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA) and 36 patients diagnosed gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA). In the discovery phase, we screened the miRNA expression profile in plasma of 40 GNCA patients (stage I) and 40 matched controls by TaqMan low density array (TLDA) chips with pooled samples. Differentially expressed miRNAs were further validated in individual sample using quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR (qRT–PCR) in the training phase. Subsequently, in an independent validation phase, the identified miRNAs were evaluated in 48 GNCA patients (stage I) and 102 matched controls. Finally, the identified miRNAs were further assessed in an external validation phase including advanced GNCA and GCA patients. Additionally, the expression levels of identified miRNAs were measured in the media of BGC823 and MGC803 cell lines.Results:Five miRNAs (miR-16, miR-25, miR-92a, miR-451 and miR-486-5p) showed consistently elevated levels in plasma of the GC patients as compared with controls, and were identified to be potential markers for GNCA with area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUCs) ranging from 0.850 to 0.925 and 0.694 to 0.790 in the training and validation phases, respectively. The five-miRNA panel presented a high diagnostic accuracy for the early-stage GNCA (AUCs=0.989 and 0.812 for the training and validation phases, respectively). Three miRNAs (miR-16, miR-25 and miR-92a) were excreted into the culture media of GC cell lines.Conclusions:The five-miRNA panel in plasma may serve as a potential non-invasive biomarker in detecting the early-stage GC.

Circulating microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for pancreatic cancer

“…With regard to the candidate miRNAs identified in the current study, miR-486-5p has been reported to be also dysregulated in gastric, [23] cervical [24] and non-small-cell lung cancers. [25] Except for lung cancer, all the results show an up-regulation of miR-486-5p in plasma/serum in cancer compared to HC.…”

MicroRNAs associated with small bowel neuroendocrine tumours and their metastases

“…Several studies have shown that miRNAs can act as both oncogenes and tumour suppressors and expression profiling has associated specific miRNAs with a variety of cancers in the hope of developing tumour subtype-specific signatures (Calin & Croce 2006, Esquela-Kerscher & Slack 2006, Weber et al 2006, Zhang et al 2007. Recently, miRNAs have been identified as novel biomarkers (diagnostic and/ or prognostic), as well as targets for molecular therapy in various tumours, and have the potential to be utilised in the clinical setting (Osaki et al 2008, Yip et al 2011, Frampton et al 2014, Toiyama et al 2014, Zhu et al 2014, Sandhu et al 2015.…”

Specificity of MicroRNA Detection on a Power-free Microfluidic Chip with Laminar Flow-assisted Dendritic Amplification

“…As model targets, we chose miR-16, -451, and -223, because they were reported as potential cancer biomarkers. 11,12 We also chose cel-miR-39, which has no homology with human RNA. For each miRNA, we made a calibration curve by measuring the SBR values of the synthesized miRNA at various concentrations ( Fig.…”

“…[4][5][6][7] These miRNAs are expected to be potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of cancer. [8][9][10][11][12] Conventional methods for miRNA detection and quantification, such as quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), next-generation sequencing, and microarrays, have their own strengths and drawbacks. 13 Generally, these methods require a long assay time and expensive instruments.…”