A flexible, and wireless LED therapy patch for skin wound photomedicine with IoT-connected healthcare application

Phan, Duc Tri; Tran, Le Hai; Thien, Vo Thi Mai; Nguyen, Hieu V.; Nguyen, Cong Hoan; Park, Sumin; Choi, Jaeyeop; Oh, Junghwan

doi:10.1088/2058-8585/ac2c50

Cited by 17 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The use and validation of LEDs for PBM paves the way to developing wearable exposure systems for next generation wound healing in home and hospital settings 46 . The efficacy of low intensity light may be further investigated on more complex skin models, and if found capable of improving would healing outcomes, may enable the deployment of low-powered LED based wearables 47 , 48 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the effects of low intensity visible light on human keratinocytes using a customized LED exposure system

Sutterby

Chheang

Thurgood

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Photobiomodulation (PBM) refers to the use of light to modulate cellular processes, and has demonstrated utility in improving wound healing outcomes, and reducing pain and inflammation. Despite the potential benefits of PBM, the precise molecular mechanisms through which it influences cell behavior are not yet well understood. Inconsistent reporting of key light parameters has created uncertainty around optimal exposure profiles. In addition, very low intensities of light, < 0.1 J/cm2, have not been thoroughly examined for their use in PBM. Here, we present a custom-made compact, and modular LED-based exposure system for studying the effects of very low-intensity visible light (cell proliferation, migration, ROS production, and mitochondrial membrane potential) of three different wavelengths in a parallel manner. The device allows for six repeats of three different exposure conditions plus a non-irradiated control on a single 24-well plate. The immortalised human keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT, was selected as a major cellular component of the skin epidermal barrier. Furthermore, an in vitro wound model was developed by allowing the HaCaT to form a confluent monolayer, then scratching the cells with a pipette tip to form a wound. Cells were exposed to yellow (585 nm, 0.09 mW, ~ 3.7 mJ/cm2), orange (610 nm, 0.8 mW, ~ 31 mJ/cm2), and red (660 nm, 0.8 mW, ~ 31 mJ/cm2) light for 10 min. 48 h post-irradiation, immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate cell viability, proliferation, ROS production, and mitochondrial membrane potential. The results demonstrate increased proliferation and decreased scratch area for all exposure conditions, however only red light increased the mitochondrial activity. Oxidative stress levels did not increase for any of the exposures. The present exposure system provides opportunities to better understand the complex cellular mechanisms driven by the irradiation of skin cells with visible light.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the effects of low intensity visible light on human keratinocytes using a customized LED exposure system

Sutterby

Chheang

Thurgood

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Considering photobiomodulation, a wearable PBM patch [Figure 12A] was developed, which used a flexible red-wavelength organic light-emitting diode (OLED) source, which could be attached to the human body [99] . This patch consisted of flexible OLED modules and a battery module with a patch to allow skin attachment.…”

Section: Wearable Light Stimulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental results demonstrated that this medical device accelerated the initial wound healing process through the synergetic effects of the wound dressing and LED irradiation. Reproduced with permission [99] . Copyright 2018, WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim (C) Design of wearable LED patch.…”

Section: Wearable Light Stimulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results for 10 min of irradiation for 630 nm and 650 nm are shown in Figure 12B , where it is proved that this method leads to wound healing acceleration. In another attempt to make flexible PBM device, a flexible and wireless LED therapy patch [ Figure 12C ] was developed for skin wound healing with IoT-connected healthcare applications [ 100 ] . It was proven that this patch had wound-healing effects when I929 fibroblast cells were treated with various color lights, as shown in Figure 12D , where the lights accelerated cell migration.…”

Section: Wearable Electronics For Accelerated Wound Healingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(A) Structure of the wearable PBM patch (B) Wound healing effect depending on the wavelength and energy of the OLEDs. Reproduced with permission[99] . Copyright 2018, WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim (C) Design of wearable LED patch.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Wearable electronics for skin wound monitoring and healing

Patel¹,

Ershad²,

Zhao³

et al. 2022

Soft Sci

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Wound healing is one of the most complex processes in the human body, supported by many cellular events that are tightly coordinated to repair the wound efficiently. Chronic wounds have potentially life-threatening consequences. Traditional wound dressings come in direct contact with wounds to help them heal and avoid further complications. However, traditional wound dressings have some limitations. These dressings do not provide real-time information on wound conditions, leading clinicians to miss the best time for adjusting treatment. Moreover, the current diagnosis of wounds is relatively subjective. Wearable electronics have become a unique platform to potentially monitor wound conditions in a continuous manner accurately and even to serve as accelerated healing vehicles. In this review, we briefly discuss the wound status with some objective parameters/biomarkers influencing wound healing, followed by the presentation of various novel wearable devices used for monitoring wounds and accelerating wound healing. We further summarize the associated device working principles. This review concludes by highlighting some major challenges in wearable devices toward wound healing that need to be addressed by the research community.

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Clinical Validation of Face‐Fit Surface‐Lighting Micro Light‐Emitting Diode Mask for Skin Anti‐Aging Treatment

Kim,

An,

Lee

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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Photobiomodulation therapy based on micro light‐emitting diodes (µLEDs) holds remarkable potential for the beauty industry. Here, a cosmetically effective face‐fit surface‐lighting µLED mask for skin anti‐aging is introduced. The face‐conformable mask enables deep tissue treatment through proximal light irradiation, with a 3D origami structure capable of adapting to complex facial contours with closed adherence. A blister‐assisted laser transfer achieves rapid and accurate µLEDs transfer at a high throughput of 50 chips per second, facilitating a mass‐producible and large‐area process. Finally, clinical trials demonstrate significant improvements in elasticity, sagging, and wrinkles across six facial areas, with a maximum enhancement of 340% in deep skin elasticity of the perioral area compared to the conventional LED mask group.

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A flexible, and wireless LED therapy patch for skin wound photomedicine with IoT-connected healthcare application

Cited by 17 publications

References 53 publications

Investigating the effects of low intensity visible light on human keratinocytes using a customized LED exposure system

Investigating the effects of low intensity visible light on human keratinocytes using a customized LED exposure system

Wearable electronics for skin wound monitoring and healing

Clinical Validation of Face‐Fit Surface‐Lighting Micro Light‐Emitting Diode Mask for Skin Anti‐Aging Treatment

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