A Formaldehyde-Free Soy-Based Adhesive for Making Oriented Strandboard

Schwarzkopf, Matthew; Huang, Jian; Li, Kaichang

doi:10.1080/00218460903482549

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Both condensed polyflavonoid tannins and hydrolysable tannins have already been successfully used as wood composite adhesives [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Tannins as New Cross-Linking Materials for Soy-Based Adhesives

et al. 2021

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Human health problems and formaldehyde emission from wood-based composites are some of the major drawbacks of the traditional synthetic adhesives such as urea formaldehyde resins. There have been many attempts to decrease formaldehyde emission and replace urea formaldehyde resins with bio-based adhesives for wood-based composites. Because of some weakness in soy-based adhesive, chemicals have been used as modifiers. Modified soy-based adhesives without any formaldehyde have been successfully used to prepare wood panels. To achieve this, different synthetic cross-linking chemicals such as phenol formaldehyde resins and polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin were used. However, in reality, what we need are totally green adhesives that use natural materials. In our previous research work, the use of tannins in combination with soy-based adhesives to make wood composites was investigated. Thus, in this research work, the feasibility of using three types of natural tannins (quebracho, mimosa and chestnut tannins) as cross-linking materials for soy adhesive was studied. The chemical bond formation and adhesion behaviors of tannin-modified soy adhesives were also investigated by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-ToF-MS) and thermo-mechanical analysis (TMA). The results showed that at ambient temperature, both ionic and covalent bonds formed between tannin constituents and amino acids; however, at higher temperature, covalent bonds are largely predominate. Based on the results obtained from the thermo-mechanical analysis, the modulus of elasticity (MOE) of soy adhesive is increased by adding tannins to its formulation. In addition, the chemical bond formation was proved by MALDI-ToF-MS.

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“…Both condensed polyflavonoid tannins and hydrolysable tannins have already been successfully used as wood composite adhesives [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Tannins as New Cross-Linking Materials for Soy-Based Adhesives

et al. 2021

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“…Demand for engineered composite products prepared using biobased adhesives, such as oriented strand boards (OSBs), particle boards, medium density fiber boards (MDFs), hard boards, and plywood, has been increasing rapidly in recent years throughout the world. − Among many engineered composites, OSB has a wide range of applications in sheathing, roofing, subfloors, single-layer floors, and structural insulated panels in the construction industry and packaging and furniture sectors. , OSB is manufactured by hot pressing thin wood strands, which are premixed with a wood adhesive under heat and pressure . Depending on the orientation of wood strands in surface and core layers of the panel, they are classified as either oriented strand board (OSB) or randomly oriented strand board (ROSB) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomly Oriented Strand Board Composites from Nanoengineered Protein-Based Wood Adhesive

Bandara

2017

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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A nanoengineered canola protein adhesive (CPA) with improved adhesion and water resistance was previously developed by chemically modifying canola protein with ammonium persulfate followed by exfoliating graphite oxide nanoparticles. The objectives of this research were to prepare randomly oriented strand board (ROSB) composites using nanoengineered canola protein adhesive at pilot scale and to characterize the adhesive and mechanical properties of ROSB panels. Six groups of ROSB panels were produced by replacing commercial liquid phenol formaldehyde (LPF) with CPA at levels of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. The mechanical and water resistance properties were tested according to ASTM D1037-12 and CSA O437.0-93 standard specifications. The mechanical performances, bond durability, and water resistance were not affected by CPA addition up to a level of 40%, compared to commercial LPF adhesives. Mechanical performance of all ROSB panels prepared in this study exceeded the acceptable minimum standards specified by CSA O437.0-93 standards. Canola-based adhesive can be used in commercial ROSB production, either as 100% resin for interior application or up to 40% replacement of LPF for exterior application.

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“…The two reactants in the present work were then expressly chosen, one for being a vegetable protein (soy protein), and the second a more available commercial condensed tannin extract obtained by hot water extraction from the quebracho tree, but the approach is equally valid for other condensed tannins. The present demonstration of the feasibility of this approach is done to render possible the reinforcing of this system by the superposition to it of other approaches using small additions of other materials, as already reported by a number of different authors [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…A force varying continuously between 0.1 N, 0.5 N, and back to 0.1 N was applied on the specimens with each force cycle of 12 s (6 s/6 s). The classical mechanics relation between force and deflection E = [L 3 /(4bh 3 )][DF/(Df)] (where L is the sample length, b and h are the sample width and thickness, DF is the variation of the force applied, and Df is the deflection obtained) allows the calculation of the modulus of elasticity (MOE) E for each case tested. Different formulations of adhesives were tested by TMA [22,30,31].…”

Section: Thermomechanical Analysis (Tma)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soy-based resins, being soy protein and flour biosourced, are now of particular interest, particularly for bonding wood panel adhesives. The literature abounds with approaches adding soy protein or flour to supplement traditional synthetic wood panel adhesives, as well as using partially hydrolyzed or modified soy resins, both presenting good results, for the same application [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Many researchers have already tried to prepare acceptable soy-based resins, but most of the approaches used show some drawbacks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Study of Concept to Prepare Totally Biosourced Wood Adhesives from Only Soy Protein and Tannin

2022

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This is a study of concept on the initial application for wood adhesives totally biosourced from the covalent reaction between soy protein isolate (SPI) and a commercial flavonoid tannin, namely quebracho tannin. The adhesive is composed exclusively of the two vegetable biomaterials mentioned and thus is totally biosourced and non-toxic, as tannin has been classified as being not at all toxic by the European Commission REACH program. The pre-reaction between the two yielded the best plywood bonding results when limited to a temperature of 40 °C, final cross-linking being achieved during the plywood higher temperature hot pressing procedure, as for any other thermosetting adhesive. Pre-reaction at higher temperatures, namely 60 °C and 80 °C, achieved extensive premature cross-linking that lost any activity to cross-link further when hot pressed for preparing plywood. The reaction was followed by thermomechanical analysis, by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI ToF) mass spectrometry, and by plywood shear strength tested dry, after a 24 h cold water soak and 1 h in boiling water. The adhesive of this approach lends itself to be further reinforced by the multitude of approaches on soy resins already developed by several other research groups.

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A Formaldehyde-Free Soy-Based Adhesive for Making Oriented Strandboard

Cited by 18 publications

References 5 publications

Natural Tannins as New Cross-Linking Materials for Soy-Based Adhesives

Natural Tannins as New Cross-Linking Materials for Soy-Based Adhesives

Randomly Oriented Strand Board Composites from Nanoengineered Protein-Based Wood Adhesive

A Study of Concept to Prepare Totally Biosourced Wood Adhesives from Only Soy Protein and Tannin

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