A Formative Evaluation of Two FASD Prevention Communication Strategies

Driscoll, David; Barnes, Victoria; Johnston, Janet M.; Windsor, Richard A.; Ray, Ryan

doi:10.1093/alcalc/agx122

Cited by 4 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The authors suggested the small sample size, funding limitations that lead to change in counsellors in follow-up with possible rapport differences, and possible recollection errors in the TLFB due to the nature of self-reports, as limitations to their study. Driscoll et al (2018) evaluated the effectiveness, acceptability, and feasibility of FASD prevention messages in women's restrooms in a formative evaluation study. The authors placed health communication messages on pregnancy test dispensers or as posters in women's restrooms in establishments that served alcohol.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We found a huge variety in the study designs, including four randomised controlled trials (RCTs), a secondary data analysis, an observational comparative study, a case control study, a formative evaluation, a non-randomised pre-post intervention study, and an experimental randomised controlled trial. Seven out the 10 studies had follow-ups (Bazzo et al, 2015 ; Caley et al, 2010 ; Driscoll et al, 2018 ; Ingersoll et al, 2013 , 2018 ; Tenkku et al, 2011 ; Wilton et al, 2013 ), while Cil (Cil, 2017 ) compared administrative data over multiple years. Only one study investigated FASD incidence rates (Cil, 2017 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies were conducted in the USA ( n = 8), while the other two took place in Italy (Bazzo et al, 2015 ) and Australia (France et al, 2013 , 2014 ). Four studies consisted of samples of AEPRG (Ingersoll et al, 2013 , 2018 ; Tenkku et al, 2011 ; Wilton et al, 2013 ), four further studies of women in general (Cil, 2017 ; Driscoll et al, 2018 ; France et al, 2013 , 2014 ; Yu et al, 2010 ), following one including both healthcare professionals and alcohol exposed pregnancy (AEP) risk groups (Bazzo et al, 2015 ) and one of solely healthcare professionals (Caley et al, 2010 ). Four studies only included non-pregnant women (Ingersoll et al, 2013 , 2018 ; Tenkku et al, 2011 ; Wilton et al, 2013 ), one included only pregnant women (Bazzo et al, 2015 ), and three addressed both pregnant and non-pregnant women (Driscoll et al, 2018 ; France et al, 2013 , 2014 ; Yu et al, 2010 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The structural level intervention in the study by Cil ( 2017 ) analysed the effect of alcohol warning signs or labels (AWS) placed on alcoholic beverages on birth outcomes on a statewide level. Interventions on a universal level implemented message framing effects, i.e., the effects and influence of the presentation of information on our decision making, (France et al, 2013 , 2014 ; Yu et al, 2010 ), awareness and educational posters in women’s restrooms (Driscoll et al, 2018 ), multilevel FASD awareness programs (Bazzo et al, 2015 ), and educational workshops on screenings and interventions for healthcare professionals (Caley et al, 2010 ). The interventions for the specific target group AEPRG included web-based and/or mail-based interventions (Ingersoll et al, 2018 ; Tenkku et al, 2011 ), video, brochure, or motivational interviewing (Ingersoll et al, 2013 ), and telephone or in-person interventions (Wilton et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, many studies were not as detailed or transparent as required to understand their contents and procedures, like that of Caley et al (2010), which limited the study quality rating. In contrast, researchers such as Driscoll et al (2018), Cil (2017), and Wilton et al (2013, as well as both studies by Ingersoll et al, (2013Ingersoll et al, ( , 2018, demonstrated exemplary transparency and highly detailed summaries of their work. Additionally, it must be noted that another limitation of the studies was that few high-risk women were included as participants and the authors believed that FASD preventive activities were in principle only effective if they also reached these high-risk groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Universal and Primary Prevention of Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD): A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) comprises multiple neurodevelopmental disorders caused by alcohol consumption during pregnancy. With a global prevalence rate of 7.7 per 1000 population, FASD is a leading cause of prenatal developmental disorders. The extent of physical, mental, and social consequences for individuals with FASD can be vast and negatively affect their social environment, daily life, school, relationships, and work. As treatment for FASD is labour- and cost-intensive, with no cure available, prevention is key in reducing FASD prevalence rates. As most systematic reviews conducted so far have focused on specific FASD risk groups, we investigated the effectiveness of universal FASD prevention and primary preventive strategies. We identified a total of 567 potentially pertinent records through PubMed, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, PubPsych, and DAHTA published from 2010 to May 2020, of which 10 studies were included in this systematic review. Results showed a substantial heterogeneity in the studies’ quality, although all preventive measures, except one, proved effective in both increasing knowledge and awareness of FASD, as well as decreasing the risk of an alcohol exposed pregnancy. Limiting factors such as small sample sizes and a lack of behavioural change testing require further studies to support existing evidence for FASD prevention and its implementation, as well as detecting the best course of action for FASD prevention when creating and implementing prevention and intervention approaches.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Universal and Primary Prevention of Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD): A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Alcohol use and binge drinking among U.S. men, pregnant and non-pregnant women ages 18–44: 2002–2017

Hasin

Shmulewitz

Keyes

2019

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

Popova

Charness

Burd

et al. 2023

Nat Rev Dis Primers

116

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Alcohol readily crosses the placenta and may disrupt fetal development. Harm from prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is determined by the dose, pattern, timing and duration of exposure, fetal and maternal genetics, maternal nutrition, concurrent substance use, and epigenetic responses. A safe dose of alcohol use during pregnancy has not been established. PAE can cause fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), which are characterized by neurodevelopmental impairment with or without facial dysmorphology, congenital anomalies and poor growth. FASD are a leading preventable cause of birth defects and developmental disability. The prevalence of FASD in 76 countries is >1% and is high in individuals living in out-of-home care or engaged in justice and mental health systems. The social and economic effects of FASD are profound, but the diagnosis is often missed or delayed and receives little public recognition. Future research should be informed Nature Reviews Disease Primers | (2023) 9:11 2 0123456789();: PrimerFASD occur in all socioeconomic and ethnic groups 15 and are complex, chronic conditions that affect health and family functioning 16 . Individuals with FASD usually require lifelong health care as well as social and vocational support. Some require remedial education and others interact with the justice system. Early diagnosis and a strength-based management approach will optimize health outcomes.FASD are the most common of the potentially preventable conditions associated with birth anomalies and neurodevelopmental problems 13 , and their global effects, including huge social and economic costs, are substantial 17 . For example, in Canada, the annual cost associated with FASD is an estimated ~CAD$ 1.8 billion (CAD$ 1.3 billion to CAD$ 2.3 billion) 17 , which is attributable in part to productivity loss (41%), correction services (29%) and health care (10%). In North America, the lifetime cost of supporting an individual with FASD is estimated at >CAD$ 1 million 18 . Addressing and preventing alcohol use in pregnancy is a public-health imperative.This Primer presents the epidemiology of FASD and the latest understanding of its pathophysiology as well as approaches to diagnosis, screening and prevention. The Primer also describes outcomes across the lifespan, management and quality of life (QOL) of people living with FASD, and highlights important areas for future research and clinical practice. Epidemiology Alcohol use during pregnancyNo safe level of PAE has been established 19 , and international guidelines advise against any amount or type of alcohol use during pregnancy [20][21][22][23] . Nevertheless, ~10% of pregnant women worldwide consume alcohol 24,25 . The highest prevalence of alcohol use during pregnancy is in the WHO European Region (25.2% 24 ; Fig. 1), consistent with the prevalence of heavy alcohol use, heavy episodic drinking and alcohol use disorders in this region 26 . 0123456789();: PrimerIn 40% of the 162 countries evaluated, >25% of women who consumed any alcohol during pregnancy drank at 'bing...

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A Formative Evaluation of Two FASD Prevention Communication Strategies

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

The Universal and Primary Prevention of Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD): A Systematic Review

The Universal and Primary Prevention of Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD): A Systematic Review

Alcohol use and binge drinking among U.S. men, pregnant and non-pregnant women ages 18–44: 2002–2017

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders

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