A Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic analysis of organic matter degradation in a bench-scale solid substrate fermentation (composting) system

Tseng, D. Y.; Vir, Rahul; Traina, Sam; Chalmers, J. J.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19961220)52:6<661::aid-bit4>3.0.co;2-m

Cited by 26 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 40 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This transitory behavior is most strongly driven by the heat generated by the microbes during the degradation process. To study the effect that temperature, moisture level, and aeration have on biodegradation, an apparatus was developed (15) which allows sensitive temperature control at a desired set point (Figure 2) (14). With this system, oxygen concentrations, CO 2 concentrations, and moisture levels were monitored on‐line, and oxygen levels were maintained above specified levels through the increased air flow rates to the system.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mass balances were performed around the reactor to determine the gas evolution and uptake rate for CO 2 and O 2 , respectively. More details of the system and method of calculations are reported by Tseng et al(15).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The percent change of normalized peak areas, which corresponds to the decrease in specific chemical bonds, was calculated on the basis of the average area for virgin PLA peaks and the area of the degraded polymer peak positions where A v and A s are the area under peak bands for virgin and degraded sample. To obtain quantitative analysis of the bands and peaks in the spectra, it was necessary to use an internal standard for normalization (19). The −C−H− stretch band peak was chosen as the internal standard peak on the basis of the chemistry of bond strength, strong absorption by the band in the spectra, and lack of presumed degradation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Characterization of the Degradation of Polylactic Acid Polymer in a Solid Substrate Environment

1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polylactic acid (PLA) polymer film was degraded in abiotic and biotic environments to understand the role of microbes in the degradation process of lactic acid based polymers. The degradation studies were conducted in a well-characterized biotic system, an abiotic system, a sterile aqueous system, and a desiccated environment maintained at 40, 50, and 60 degrees C. The combination of experiments in different environments isolated the distinct effect of microbes, water, and temperature on the morphological changes in the polymer during degradation. Due to lack of availability of radiolabeled PLA, various analytical techniques were applied to observe changes in the rate and/or mechanism of degradation. CO2 evolved, weight loss, and molecular weights were measured to evaluate the extent of degradation. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry techniques monitored the morphological changes in the polymer. FTIR was used as a semiquantitative tool to gather information about the chemistry of the degradative process. Neither of the above analytical techniques indicated any difference in the rate or mechanism of degradation attributable to the presence of microorganisms. The extent of degradation increased at higher process temperatures. FTIR data were evaluated for significant statistical difference by t-test hypothesis. The results confirmed hydrolysis of ester linkage as the primary mechanism of degradation of PLA. On the basis of these data, a probable path of PLA degradation has been suggested.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Characterization of the Degradation of Polylactic Acid Polymer in a Solid Substrate Environment

1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Organic matter present in compost is usually chemically complex and dicult to fractionate. Extraction procedures may remove only a fraction of the organic matter, and, consequently, nondestructive methods such as 13 C-NMR (Almendros et al, 1992) and FTIR (Fourier transform IR) (Tseng et al, 1996) spectroscopy have been used for the analysis of humus. Aiken et al (1985) divided humic substances into the following groups: humin (not soluble in water at any pH), humic acids (not soluble in water under acidic conditions) and fulvic acids (soluble in water under all pH conditions).…”

Section: Compost Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of lignin in a compost environment: a review

Tuomela

Vikman

Hatakka

et al. 2000

Bioresource Technology

1,033

455

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Composting is nowadays a general treatment method for municipal solid waste. Compostable household waste contains, together with vegetable material, varying amounts of papers and boards. In the European Union composting is regarded as one recycling method for packages and this will probably favour compostable packages, like papers and boards, in the future. Paper is made up of lignocellulose and it may contain up to 20% of lignin. Ecient degradation of papers in composting plants means that biodegradation of lignin is also needed. However, very little is known about lignin degradation by mixed microbial compost populations, although lignin degradation by white-rot fungi has been extensively studied in recent years. Organic material is converted to carbon dioxide, humus, and heat by compost microorganisms. It is assumed that humus is formed mainly from lignin. Thus, lignin is not totally mineralized during composting. The elevated temperatures found during the thermophilic phase are essential for rapid degradation of lignocellulose. Complex organic compounds like lignin are mainly degraded by thermophilic microfungi and actinomycetes. The optimum temperature for thermophilic fungi is 40±50°C which is also the optimum temperature for lignin degradation in compost. Ó

show abstract

“…A dificuldade de identificação das substâncias húmicas é devida principalmente à sua grande heterogeneidade química e ao tipo de resíduo orgânico que está presente no solo, que varia de um lugar para outro (Piccolo, 2001 Autores como Tseng et al (1996), Hsu & Lo (1999), Zaccheo et al (2002), e…”

Section: -As Substâncias Húmicasunclassified

Fertilizantes organo-fosfatados produzidos pelo processo Humifert: estudo das transformações e caracterização dos produtos

Silverol¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ao meu marido, Rubens, por mostrar que a vida e a felicidade são muito além do que eu poderia imaginar e sonhar para mim.Ao CNPq, pela concessão de bolsa de doutorado.A CAPES, pela concessão da bolsa de doutorado sanduíche.A FAPESP, pelo apoio a este projeto através do processo 03/06545-7 e 2008/50057-0.A Lincoln University, Canterbury, Nova Zelândia, por toda a infra-estrutura colocada a disposição para a realização de parte dessa tese. À empresa Galvani S.A. e ao CETEM/MCT pelo acesso à área e obtenção do minério fosfático de Angico dos Dias (BA). 6Resumo O processo Humifert de produção de fertilizantes pode constituir-se em uma nova alternativa de aproveitamento desses materiais, pois fabrica compostos a partir de minérios inadequados aos processos industriais atualmente em uso, e ainda utiliza material orgânico, favorecendo e ampliando o uso de resíduos orgânicos. Além disso, os compostos organofosfatados podem apresentar características mais apropriadas ao clima tropical, com liberação mais lenta de P 2 O 5 e ainda, acrescentando matéria orgânica nos solos, melhorando suas características físico-químicas e possibilitando um aumento de produtividade.Assim, os objetivos principais desta tese foram a (1) fabricação de fertilizantes organofosfatados a partir do minério fosfático de Angico dos Dias, (BA) e de dois tipos de lodo de esgoto doméstico (biossólido) antes e depois das alterações realizadas no reator, para avaliar se as mudanças promoveram modificações nos compostos; e a (2) caracterização dos compostos obtidos por métodos químicos (pH, Análise Elementar, Fracionamento Seqüencial do P e Solubilidade do P); mineralógicos (DRX, MEV/EDS e TG); e espectroscópicos (FTIR, FIL e RPE).Os resultados obtidos indicaram que as alterações realizadas no reator promoveram significativas mudanças nas características químicas dos compostos, especialmente na solubilidade do P. A caracterização dos compostos Humifert mostrou que o processo foi capaz de modificar tanto a rocha fosfática quanto a matéria orgânica, transformando as formas menos solúveis presentes nesses materiais para formas mais solúveis. A disponibilização do P da rocha fosfática e a possível formação de humic-like substances devido à degradação da matéria orgânica promovida pelo ataque ácido permitiram a formação de complexos humato -fosfato, que resultaram na precipitação de brushite-like. 7 AbstractThe Humifert process has been to improve utilization of phosphatic rocks considered by manufactures as low-grade ore. In addition, this process utilizes organic waste such as biosolid to create an organic phosphate compound. The Humifert process involves reacting phosphate rock with organic waste in a bench reactor, with nitric acid that is just generated when nitric oxides come into the mixture (Sternicha 1980;Silverol et al. 2007). The apatite grains from the phosphatic rock are partially dissolved, releasing PO 4 3-, which can associate with organic phases present or transformed during the nitric reactions. Then, organic phosphatic compounds are generated...

show abstract

A Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic analysis of organic matter degradation in a bench-scale solid substrate fermentation (composting) system

Cited by 26 publications

References 40 publications

Characterization of the Degradation of Polylactic Acid Polymer in a Solid Substrate Environment

Characterization of the Degradation of Polylactic Acid Polymer in a Solid Substrate Environment

Biodegradation of lignin in a compost environment: a review

Fertilizantes organo-fosfatados produzidos pelo processo Humifert: estudo das transformações e caracterização dos produtos

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About