A further step in the evolution of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus: the appearance of the first consistent antigenic variant

Capucci, Lorenzo; Fallacara, Francesca; Grazioli, Santina; Llombart‐Bosch, Antonio; Pacciarini, Maria Lodovica; Brocchi, Emiliana

doi:10.1016/s0168-1702(98)00106-3

Cited by 130 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Specific primers ( Table 1) enabling amplification of the 3' end of the RHDV polymerase gene (POL) and the full capsid protein (VP60) gene were synthesised according to the primer sequences (4,5,15,21,22,25). The following thermal profiles were applied: 94°C for 3 min, 35 cycles of 94°C for 1 min, 55°C for 1 min, 72°C for 1 min, and a final extension at 72°C for 10 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have shown the presence of the classic form of RHDV strains with an altered haemagglutination (HA) profile (phenotypic HAnegative variant), RHDV strains known as antigenic and genetic variants (RHDVa), a moderately pathogenic calicivirus (MRCV), a recently new French RHDV variant, and non-pathogenic caliciviruses (RCV, RCV-A1, Lambay, 06-11) (1,4,5,6,24,26,27,34,36). Pathogenic RHDV and RHDVa isolates belong to one serotype (2,3,10,36).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the biological and physicochemical properties of the virus have become better known, new diagnostic methods for RHD have been developed. Apart from simple methods for detection of the virus and antibodies specific to the virus antigen, such as the HA and the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays, different ELISAs have been developed using polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies (3,5). Molecular methods such as conventional RT-PCR and real-time PCR have also been introduced for the detection of viral RNA (4,18,21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 1994, a non-haemagglutinating phenotypic variant of RHDV was detected (24). New field strains with novel antigenic and genetic characteristics corresponding to Italian and German RHDVa subtype strains were demonstrated in the middle of the first decade of this century (5,7,12,13,34).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the usefulness of laboratory diagnostic methods in RHD outbreak

Fitzner

2014

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy

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The field outbreak of RHD that occurred late summer 2012 on a small-scale rabbit-rearing operation in Poland and the usefulness of techniques for RHD virus diagnosis are described. During the epizootic, the overall mortality rate of rabbits older than two months was 77%. Eight liver specimens collected from dead unvaccinated rabbits (aged 3-5 months) underwent virological examinations. RHDV specific antigen was detected in two out of eight liver homogenates by haemagglutination (HA) test and ELISA, one of the two being negative in HA assay. However the presence of genetic material of RHD virus was confirmed by RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR in all liver samples tested. Based on antigen reactivity in ELISA and sequencing of PCR amplicons of the VP60 gene, the RHDVa subtype strain was identified as the cause of infection. The partial genome sequence of a field isolate (STR 2012), comprising the C-terminus of the polymerase gene and the full capsid protein gene, revealed 91% nucleotide homology to reference FRG89 RHDV isolate and 97% to strain Triptis representing the RHDVa variant. Serological evidence of an RHD outbreak in the STR rabbit-rearing operation was confirmed in a serum sample collected from an unvaccinated surviving rabbit. A cross-reactivity examination of RHDV positive serum revealed a decrease in HI titre against the STR 2012 field antigen, and a decrease in the RHDVa control antigen as compared to classic RHDV.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the usefulness of laboratory diagnostic methods in RHD outbreak

Fitzner

2014

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Pulawy

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“…RHDVa, a new variant of RHDV, has been spreading overseas (Capucci et al 1998;McIntosh et al 2007;Lavazza and Capucci 2008), and accumulating information may help to assess its potential role in Australia.…”

Section: Better-adapted Ecotypes or Variants Of Bcas Already Present mentioning

confidence: 99%

The future biological control of pest populations of European rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus

2008

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Abstract. European rabbits are exotic pests in Australia, New Zealand, parts of South America and Europe, and on many islands. Their abundance, and the damage they cause, might be reduced by the release of naturally occurring or genetically modified organisms (GMOs) that act as biological control agents (BCAs). Some promising pathogens and parasites of European rabbits and other lagomorphs are discussed, with special reference to those absent from Australia as an example of the range of necessary considerations in any given case. The possibility of introducing these already-known BCAs into areas where rabbits are pests warrants further investigation. The most cost-effective method for finding potentially useful but as-yet undiscovered BCAs would be to maintain a global watch on new diseases and pathologies in domestic rabbits. The absence of wild European rabbits from climatically suitable parts of North and South America and southern Africa may indicate the presence there of useful BCAs, although other explanations for their absence are possible. Until the non-target risks of deploying disseminating GMOs to control rabbits have been satisfactorily minimised, efforts to introduce BCAs into exotic rabbit populations should focus on naturally occurring organisms. The development of safe disseminating GMOs remains an important long-term goal, with the possible use of homing endonuclease genes warranting further investigation.

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Molecular Recognition of Ligands by Native Viruses and Virus-Like Particles as Studied by NMR Experiments

Rademacher¹,

Peters²

2008

Topics in Current Chemistry

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Viral entry into host cells is a process that in the majority of cases is not understoodin its molecular details. The first step of viral entry is the recognition of cellular receptorson host cells by viruses, and although X-ray crystallography had yielded some spectacular resultsin individual cases, in general there is little data available to unravel the principles of virus-ligandrecognition at atomic resolution. Therefore, new techniques that uncover the molecular details ofthese recognition processes are needed. The investigation of virus-ligand interactions usingligand-based NMR techniques is an emerging field with the potential to substantially contribute toa deeper understanding of the molecular aspects of viral entry into host cells. Here, we givean overview that covers some of the systems studied so far. This comprises native viruses as wellas virus-like particles (VLPs). We will not address studies that have been performed with individualproteins that are not in a native environment. It turns out that STD NMR in particular has a greatpotential to shine light on the viral entry process as this technique requires only very moderateamounts of viruses or VLPs and corresponding ligands. As a further advantage, this approachis also applicable to ligands that bind to viruses with medium to low affinity. Therefore, STD NMRis extremely well suited for development of antiviral entry inhibitors utilizing fragment-based approacheswith low molecular weight compounds.

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A further step in the evolution of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus: the appearance of the first consistent antigenic variant

Cited by 130 publications

References 31 publications

Evaluation of the usefulness of laboratory diagnostic methods in RHD outbreak

Evaluation of the usefulness of laboratory diagnostic methods in RHD outbreak

The future biological control of pest populations of European rabbits, Oryctolagus cuniculus

Molecular Recognition of Ligands by Native Viruses and Virus-Like Particles as Studied by NMR Experiments

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