“…Several variants are considered when modeling real problems (Ruiz-Meza et al, 2020 ), such as time windows (Garcia et al, 2009 ; Souffiau et al, 2009 ), time-dependency (Garcia et al, 2010a , 2010b ), arc score (Arc Orienteering Problem -AOP) (Verbeeck et al, 2014 ), arc and POI scores (Mixed OP-AOP) (Gavalas et al, , 2016 , 2017 ; Malucelli et al, 2015 ), multi-commodity (Malucelli et al, 2015 ), multiple periods (Kotiloglu et al, 2017 ), time-based user interest (Lim et al, 2017 ) multiple constraints (Sylejmani et al, 2012 ), heterogeneous preferences (Malucelli et al, 2015 ; Zheng & Liao, 2019 ), uncertain travel times (Hasuike et al, 2013 ), previous tourist experiences (Zheng et al, 2017 ), time-dependent stochasticity (Liao & Zheng, 2018 ), hotel selection (Zheng et al, 2020 ), electric vehicles (EV) for tourism (Wang et al, 2018 ), scores and travel fuzzy times (Expósito et al, 2019a , 2019b ), and Clustered POIs, when POIs of different types of tourism are identified and grouped according to their class (Expósito et al, 2019a ).…”