A GC–MS metabolic profiling study of plasma samples from mice on low- and high-fat diets

Spagou, Konstantina; Theodoridis, Georgios; Wilson, Ian D.; Raikos, Νikolaos; Greaves, Peter; Edwards, Richard E.; Nolan, Barbara M.; Klapa, Maria I.

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.01.028

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…There are several reports of metabolomic profiling studies on plasma, serum, urine and liver from high fat-diet induced obese mice (Cheng, Benson, Grimsditch, Reid, Connor, & Griffin, 2010; H. J. Kim, Kim, Noh, Hur, Sung, Hwang, et al, 2011; Spagou, Theodoridis, Wilson, Raikos, Greaves, Edwards, et al, 2011), rats (S. H. Kim, Yang, Kim, Kim, Park, & Choi, 2009; Song, Wang, Wang, Tian, Yang, & Kong, 2013) and humans (Lehtonen, Lindstedt, Jarvinen, Sinkkonen, Graca, Viitanen, et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high fat, high cholesterol diet leads to changes in metabolite patterns in pigs – A metabolomic study

et al. 2015

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Non-targeted metabolite profiling can identify biological markers of dietary exposure that lead to a better understanding of interactions between diet and health. In this study, pigs were used as an animal model to discover changes in metabolic profiles between regular basal and high fat/high cholesterol diets. Extracts of plasma, fecal and urine samples from pigs fed high fat or basal regular diets for 11 weeks were analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) and chemometric analysis. Cloud plots from XCMS online were used for class separation of the most discriminatory metabolites. The major metabolites contributing to the discrimination were identified as bile acids (BAs), lipid metabolites, fatty acids, amino acids and phosphatidic acid (PAs), phosphatidylglycerol (PGs), glycerophospholipids (PI), phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and tripeptides. These results suggest the developed approach can be used to identify biomarkers associated with specific feeding diets and possible metabolic disorders related to diet.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A high fat, high cholesterol diet leads to changes in metabolite patterns in pigs – A metabolomic study

et al. 2015

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“…Among the technologies used in metabolomics, gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) has been widely applied because of its high sensitivity13. Previous studies mainly focused on the effects of diet on metabolic activity in animals1314, and the effect of colonic microbiota on gut health and immunity1516. The overall metabolic phenotypes (metabotypes) reflect myriad functions encoded in host genomes and gut microbiomes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Doses Lactobacillus reuteri depend on adhesive ability to modulate the intestinal immune response and metabolism in mice challenged with lipopolysaccharide

Gao

Liu

Dou

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the modulatory effects of Lactobacillus reuteri ZJ617 and ZJ615, which have high and low adhesive abilities, respectively, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) on immune responses and metabolism in mice stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Six C57BL/6 mice per group were orally inoculated with ZJ617, ZJ615 or LGG for one week (1 × 108 CFU/mouse) and i.p. injected with LPS (10 mg/kg) for 24 h. Compared with the LPS stimulation group, ZJ615, ZJ617 and LGG significantly decreased TNF-α levels in the sera of mice stimulated by LPS. ZJ615 and LGG significantly down-regulated mRNA levels of cytokines and Toll-like receptors, and suppressed activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling, while ZJ617 up-regulated anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 mRNA levels in the ilea of mice stimulated by LPS. Correlation analysis confirmed that adhesive ability is relative with the immunomodulation in the ilea of mice. There were 24, 7 and 10 metabolites and 10, 9 and 8 major metabolic pathways with significant differences (VIP > 1, P < 0.05) between the LPS and ZJ617 + LPS groups, the LPS and ZJ615 + LPS groups, and the ZJ617 + LPS and ZJ615 + LPS groups, respectively. The results indicated that both ZJ617 and ZJ615 could modulate the intestinal immune responses and metabolism in LPS-stimulated mice.

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“…GC-MS has been successfully applied to targeted analysis of stable volatile fatty acids 23 . This technique requires a derivatization step which introduces biases that have to be carefully considered during data analysis 24 . LC-MS can be particularly useful to improve the detection of microbial co-metabolites in targeted profiling 25 .…”

Section: Representative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Hepatic Metabolic Changes During Progressive Colonization of Germ-free Mouse by <sup>1</sup>H NMR Spectroscopy

Heath

Claus

2011

JoVE

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It is well known that gut bacteria contribute significantly to the host homeostasis, providing a range of benefits such as immune protection and vitamin synthesis. They also supply the host with a considerable amount of nutrients, making this ecosystem an essential metabolic organ. In the context of increasing evidence of the link between the gut flora and the metabolic syndrome, understanding the metabolic interaction between the host and its gut microbiota is becoming an important challenge of modern biology. [1][2][3][4] Colonization (also referred to as normalization process) designates the establishment of micro-organisms in a former germ-free animal. While it is a natural process occurring at birth, it is also used in adult germ-free animals to control the gut floral ecosystem and further determine its impact on the host metabolism. A common procedure to control the colonization process is to use the gavage method with a single or a mixture of micro-organisms. This method results in a very quick colonization and presents the disadvantage of being extremely stressful 5 . It is therefore useful to minimize the stress and to obtain a slower colonization process to observe gradually the impact of bacterial establishment on the host metabolism.In this manuscript, we describe a procedure to assess the modification of hepatic metabolism during a gradual colonization process using a non-destructive metabolic profiling technique. We propose to monitor gut microbial colonization by assessing the gut microbial metabolic activity reflected by the urinary excretion of microbial co-metabolites by 1 H NMR-based metabolic profiling. This allows an appreciation of the stability of gut microbial activity beyond the stable establishment of the gut microbial ecosystem usually assessed by monitoring fecal bacteria by DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis). 6 The colonization takes place in a conventional open environment and is initiated by a dirty litter soiled by conventional animals, which will serve as controls. Rodents being coprophagous animals, this ensures a homogenous colonization as previously described. 7 Hepatic metabolic profiling is measured directly from an intact liver biopsy using 1 H High Resolution Magic Angle Spinning NMR spectroscopy. This semi-quantitative technique offers a quick way to assess, without damaging the cell structure, the major metabolites such as triglycerides, glucose and glycogen in order to further estimate the complex interaction between the colonization process and the hepatic metabolism 7-10 . This method can also be applied to any tissue biopsy 11,12 . Video LinkThe Remove germ-free animals from isolators and house them in a conventional husbandry room in cages equipped with filter in front of the conventional animals which will serve as controls (Figure 1). 2. Mix half of the litter (3 days old) taken from the control conventional cage with the litter of the germ-free animals. Always keep 1/3 of the dirty conventional litter each time it is necessary to renew it in ...

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A GC–MS metabolic profiling study of plasma samples from mice on low- and high-fat diets

Cited by 34 publications

References 26 publications

A high fat, high cholesterol diet leads to changes in metabolite patterns in pigs – A metabolomic study

A high fat, high cholesterol diet leads to changes in metabolite patterns in pigs – A metabolomic study

Doses Lactobacillus reuteri depend on adhesive ability to modulate the intestinal immune response and metabolism in mice challenged with lipopolysaccharide

Assessing Hepatic Metabolic Changes During Progressive Colonization of Germ-free Mouse by <sup>1</sup>H NMR Spectroscopy

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