A General Self-Sacrifice Template Strategy to 3D Heteroatom-Doped Macroporous Carbon for High-Performance Potassium-Ion Hybrid Capacitors

Abstract

Potassium-ion hybrid capacitors (PIHCs) tactfully combining capacitor-type cathode with battery-type anode have recently attracted increasing attentions due to their advantages of decent energy density, high power density, and low cost; the mismatches of capacity and kinetics between capacitor-type cathode and battery-type anode in PIHCs yet hinder their overall performance output. Herein, based on prediction of density functional theory calculations, we find Se/N co-doped porous carbon is a promising candidate for K+ storage and thus develop a simple and universal self-sacrifice template method to fabricate Se and N co-doped three-dimensional (3D) macroporous carbon (Se/N-3DMpC), which features favorable properties of connective hierarchical pores, expanded interlayer structure, and rich activity site for boosting pseudocapacitive activity and kinetics toward K+ storage anode and enhancing capacitance performance for the reversible anion adsorption/desorption cathode. As expected, the as-assembled PIHCs full cell with a working voltage as high as 4.0 V delivers a high energy density of 186 Wh kg−1 and a power output of 8100 W kg−1 as well as excellent long service life. The proof-of-concept PIHCs with excellent performance open a new avenue for the development and application of high-performance hybrid capacitors.

Multifunctional sulfate-assistant synthesis of seaweed-like N,S-doped carbons as high-performance anodes for K-ion capacitors

“…[15][16][17] Appropriate heteroatoms within the carbon skeleton can introduce rich defects and vacant sites, which improve the reversible capacity of the carbon anode. [18][19][20][21] Appropriate precursors and auxiliaries (e.g., activators, templates, and dopants) are necessary for the synthesis of these high-performance porous carbons. 22 First, the carbon precursors should not only contain rich carbon atoms and heteroatoms but also have the advantages of rich resources and low cost.…”

Recent Progress on Asymmetric Carbon- and Silica-Based Nanomaterials: From Synthetic Strategies to Their Applications

“…Carbon-and silica-based nanoparticles, especially carbon nanoparticles, have become the main electrode materials due to the good conductivity, large surface area, and excellent electrochemical stability [159][160][161][162][163][164][165]. Also, the rational design of materials structure can effectively improve its energy storage performance [166][167][168].…”

Sacrificial Template Synthesis of Two-Dimensional Few-Layer MoSe2 Coupled with Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Sheets for High-Performance Sodium Ion Hybrid Capacitors

“…35,36 For example, a Se and N codoped 3D macroporous carbon with excellent performance for K-ion hybrid capacitors has been synthesized via a self-sacrificial template method. 37 Besides, Shang et al prepared a high-performance atomically dispersed iron supported on nitrogen-doped carbon toward zinc-air batteries using an effective sacrificial template strategy. 38 Nevertheless, due to the deficiency of an appropriate template, which can enable the MoSe 2 with few-layer architecture, the sacrificial method has been rarely exploited for its rational design.…”

“…Template method, which can not only construct strong interaction between the components via precombination but also adjust the topological structure of the aiming composite, seems to be a promising strategy to realize the above target. − However, large amount etchants and complicated mixing procedures hinder its widespread application. Interestingly, sacrificial template strategy has drawn extensive concern as the templates are involved as a reactant in the formation of the composite without any postprocessing. , For example, a Se and N codoped 3D macroporous carbon with excellent performance for K-ion hybrid capacitors has been synthesized via a self-sacrificial template method . Besides, Shang et al prepared a high-performance atomically dispersed iron supported on nitrogen-doped carbon toward zinc-air batteries using an effective sacrificial template strategy .…”