A genetic risk assessment for prostate cancer influences patients’ risk perception and use of repeat PSA testing: a cross-sectional study in Danish general practice

Abstract

BackgroundProstate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer among men in the western world. Genetic lifetime risk assessment could alleviate controversies about prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing for early diagnosis.AimTo determine how men interpret information about their lifetime risk for PC and how this can affect their choice of having a repeated PSA test.Design & settingA genetic test was offered for assessment of individual PC lifetime risk in general practices in Denmark, with the purpose of promoting appropriate use of PSA testing.MethodParticipants had a genetic lifetime risk assessment for PC diagnosis (either high or normal risk). A month after receiving the result, participants answered a questionnaire about their perceived risk of getting or dying from PC compared with other men, as well as their intentions for repeated PSA testing.ResultsNearly half (44.7%) of 555 participants who received the genetic risk assessment were not aware they had a genetic test. Nevertheless, compared with men with a normal genetic risk, those with high genetic risk reported higher perceived risk for PC (mean difference of 0.74 [95% confidence interval {CI} = 0.56 to 0.96] on a 5-point scale), higher perceived risk of dying from PC (mean difference of 0.48 [95% CI = 0.29 to 0.66] on a 5-point scale), and increased intention for repeated PSA testing (mean difference of 0.48 [95% CI = 0.30 to 0.65] on a 4-point scale).ConclusionDespite low awareness and/or understanding of the test result, a high genetic risk for PC made participants more aware of their risk, and it increased their intention and probability for repeated PSA testing.

The acceptability and clinical impact of using polygenic scores for risk-estimation of common cancers in primary care: a systematic review

“…A further 32 citations were excluded after full text screening. An additional five papers were identified using alternative search methods, resulting in a total of 18 papers eligible for inclusion (Leventhal et al 2013 ; Graves et al 2013 ; Nusbaum et al 2013 ; Conran et al 2021 ; Saya et al 2022 ; Saya et al 2020 ; Butrick et al 2014 ; Kirkegaard et al 2018 ; Fredsoe et al 2020a , 2020b ; Green et al 2022 ; Benafif et al 2022 ; Kerman et al 2023 ; Ayoub et al 2023 ; Archer et al 2020 , 2023 ; Myers et al 2015 ; Weinberg et al 2014 ) (Fig. 1 ).…”

“…Only four high-income countries were represented: eight USA (Leventhal et al 2013 ; Graves et al 2013 ; Nusbaum et al 2013 ; Butrick et al 2014 ; Conran et al 2021 ; Kerman et al 2023 ; Weinberg et al 2014 ; Myers et al 2015 ), five UK (Archer et al 2020 , 2023 ; Ayoub et al 2023 ; Green et al 2022 ; Benafif et al 2022 ), three Denmark (Fredsoe et al 2020a , 2020b ; Kirkegaard et al 2013 ) and two Australia (Saya et al 2020 , 2022 ). The majority of studies used an observational quantitative design (Graves et al 2013 ; Saya et al 2020 ; Fredsoe et al 2020a , 2020b ; Green et al 2022 ; Benafif et al 2022 ; Ayoub et al 2023 ; Kerman et al 2023 ; Conran et al 2021 ; Weinberg et al 2014 ), four used qualitative methods (Archer et al 2020 , 2023 ; Nusbaum et al 2013 ; Kirkegaard et al 2018 ) and four mixed methods (Leventhal et al 2013 ; Saya et al 2022 ; Butrick et al 2014 ; Myers et al 2015 ). Data were collected using demographic questionnaires, national surveys, baseline questionnaires, focus groups and semi-structured interviews.…”

“…Variations were seen in how PGS was calculated and how cancer risk was categorised, Table 4 . Some studies used comparative measures of association (Conran et al 2021 ; Green et al 2022 ; Benafif et al 2022 ; Weinberg et al 2014 ; Myers et al 2015 ) whilst others used absolute risk thresholds (Graves et al 2013 ; Nusbaum et al 2013 ; Saya et al 2020 ; Butrick et al 2014 ; Kirkegaard et al 2018 ; Fredsoe et al 2020a , 2020b ; Archer et al 2020 , 2023 ). The number of SNPs used to calculate the risk score ranged from two to 313.…”

Long Non-Coding RNA (lncRNA) RAMS11 Promotes Metastatis and Cell Growth of Prostate Cancer by CBX4 Complex Binding to Top2α

“… 2 With the study of prostate cancer, the treatment of prostate cancer has also been changed to some extent. 3 , 4 …”

“…2 With the study of prostate cancer, the treatment of prostate cancer has also been changed to some extent. 3,4 Chromobox (CBX) protein homolog protein is an important member of Polycomb group proteins (PcG). 5 The PcG protein family is an epigenetic regulatory complex, existing in the form of polymeric transcriptional repression complex PRCs.…”