A geochemical perspective on the impact of development at Alta Lake, British Columbia, Canada

Dunnington, Dewey; Spooner, Ian; White, Chris E.; Cornett, R. J.; Williamson, Dave; Nelson, Mike

doi:10.1007/s10933-016-9919-x

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…These MRD differences may relate to variation in each species' hypoxic environment. Although the native lakes of goldfish likely become anoxic during wintertime (like the native lakes of crucian carp; Vornanen, 2004), apart from at the water-sediment interface (Dunnington et al, 2016), Alta Lake waters do not reach anoxia (Jacques Whitford AXYS Ltd, 2007). Selection may therefore be acting on hypoxic survival strategies at higher Pw O2 values in the Alta Lake environment than in the more severe goldfish environment.…”

Section: Oligotrophic Winterfreeze Lakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can variation among hypoxic environments explain why different fish species use different hypoxic survival strategies?

Mandic

Regan

2018

Journal of Experimental Biology

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In aquatic environments, hypoxia is a multi-dimensional stressor that can vary in O 2 level (partial pressure of O 2 in water, Pw O2), rate of induction and duration. Natural hypoxic environments can therefore be very different from one another. For the many fish species that have evolved to cope with these different hypoxic environments, survival requires adjusting energy supply and demand pathways to maintain energy balance. The literature describes innumerable ways that fishes combine aerobic metabolism, anaerobic metabolism and metabolic rate depression (MRD) to accomplish this, but it is unknown whether the evolutionary paths leading to these different strategies are determined primarily by species' phylogenetic histories, genetic constraint or their native hypoxic environments. We explored this idea by devising a four-quadrant matrix that bins different aquatic hypoxic environments according to their duration and Pw O2 characteristics. We then systematically mined the literature for well-studied species native to environments within each quadrant, and, for each of 10 case studies, described the species' total hypoxic response (THR), defined as its hypoxia-induced combination of sustained aerobic metabolism, enhanced anaerobic metabolism and MRD, encompassing also the mechanisms underlying these metabolic modes. Our analysis revealed that fishes use a wide range of THRs, but that distantly related species from environments within the same matrix quadrant have converged on similar THRs. For example, environments of moderately hypoxic Pw O2 favoured predominantly aerobic THRs, whereas environments of severely hypoxic Pw O2 favoured MRD. Capacity for aerial emergence as well as predation pressure (aquatic and aerial) also contributed to these responses, in addition to other biotic and abiotic factors. Generally, it appears that the particular type of hypoxia experienced by a fish plays a major role in shaping its particular THR.

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Section: Oligotrophic Winterfreeze Lakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can variation among hypoxic environments explain why different fish species use different hypoxic survival strategies?

Mandic

Regan

2018

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…The deposition of Unit 3 (AD 1860-present) and the elevated concentrations of minerogenic elements are likely related to sustained catchment erosion following 1860. Construction of the Ship Railway, construction and renovation of cottages, and road construction all contributed minerogenic sediment to the lake over the past 200 years; a process that has been demonstrated in other lakes (Garrison and Wakeman 2000;Dunnington et al 2016). In addition, a raised lake level Pathway 2: large-scale fire event Pb and Hg concentrations were generally both low throughout Unit 2, but isolated high Hg and Pb values occurred at ∼5000 cal BP.…”

Section: Metal Pathways Through Timementioning

confidence: 86%

“…Our reconstruction of post-glacial environmental and metal concentration changes at Long Lake is predominantly based on sediment stratigraphy and bulk sediment geochemistry. Bulk geochemistry of lake sediment is a well-established technique for reconstructing historical metal sources from both natural and anthropogenic sources when there are insufficient monitoring data to provide this information (Dixit et al 2000;Koinig et al 2003;Gallagher et al 2004;Tylmann et al 2011;Dunnington et al 2016). The geochemical parameters we assessed were carbon/ nitrogen (C/N) ratios, carbon stable isotopes (δ 13 C), nitrogen stable isotopes (δ 15 N), and major/ trace element concentrations (As, chlorine (Cl), Cr, iron (Fe), Hg, Mn, Pb, sulphur (S), Ti, Y, and Zn).…”

Section: Age-depth Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The elemental geochemistry of the sediment samples was measured by an Olympus X-50 portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometer, following methods outlined by Rouillon and Taylor (2016), Loder et al (2016), and Dunnington et al (2016). XRF spectrometry is a method that is increasingly used to provide high-resolution elemental geochemistry in lake sediments (Koinig et al 2003;Guyard et al 2007;Brunschön et al 2010;Kylander et al 2011;Rydberg 2014;Dunnington et al 2016;Gregory et al 2017). Rouillon and Taylor (2016) demonstrated that pXRF was able to produce as good or better recoveries than ICP-AES for 9 of 11 elements assessed in the study (Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sr, Cd, and Pb).…”

Section: Age-depth Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For XRF and LOI analyses, selected samples were analyzed in triplicate to assess analytical precision, and internal standards (CAN174 and CAN277) used in previous studies were analyzed to ensure consistency with other XRF measurements (White 2012;Englehardt 2013;Misiuk 2014;Dunnington et al 2016;Loder et al 2016). Certified reference materials were not used for XRF measurements, and as such, XRF measurements should be treated as relative measures of element concentrations.…”

Section: Age-depth Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A paleolimnological archive of metal sequestration and release in the Cumberland Basin Marshes, Atlantic Canada

Dunnington

White

Spooner

et al. 2017

FACETS

Self Cite

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We used a paleolimnological approach at Long Lake, Nova Scotia, to construct a 10 500-year record of metal deposition in lakebed sediments and elucidate the influence of both natural and anthropogenic environmental changes. Aquatic sediment concentrations of mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), and chromium (Cr) in Long Lake fluctuated substantially and, during some periods, exceeded guidelines for the protection of aquatic life. Increases in lead (Pb), Hg, Cr, trace metals, and nitrogen stable isotopes (δ 15 N) were broadly coincident with a period of widespread drying from ca. 8000 to 4000 cal BP and were likely a consequence of regional fires. From ca. 4000 cal BP until 1700 AD, metal levels in general were low due to decreased erosion, increased precipitation, and reduced fire activity. Water level lowering and forced sediment aggradation (tiding) in the 1800s led to increases in minerogenic Pb and Cr, though fossil fuel combustion also likely contributed to total Pb concentrations. Stratigraphic proxies indicated increased inorganic sedimentation rates, and reduced autochthonous productivity were coincident with lower Hg and As concentrations in the Long Lake sediment. Our data indicate that natural phenomena (fire) can result in sediment contaminant exceedances, that most metals have multiple sources, and that both human-induced disturbance and emissions have contributed to Pb contamination in the last 200 years. In addition, wetter and generally cooler climate appeared to favour lower concentrations of contaminants in lake sediments. Although wetland sediments in the Cumberland Basin Marshes are not heavily polluted with metals, the development of constructed wetlands and the disruption of aquatic sediments have the potential to concentrate, mobilize, and increase the bioavailability of metals.

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Do rural impoundments in coastal Bay of Fundy, Canada sustain adequate habitat for wildlife?

Loder

Spooner

McLellan

et al. 2017

Wetlands Ecol Manage

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A geochemical perspective on the impact of development at Alta Lake, British Columbia, Canada

Cited by 10 publications

References 53 publications

Can variation among hypoxic environments explain why different fish species use different hypoxic survival strategies?

Can variation among hypoxic environments explain why different fish species use different hypoxic survival strategies?

A paleolimnological archive of metal sequestration and release in the Cumberland Basin Marshes, Atlantic Canada

Do rural impoundments in coastal Bay of Fundy, Canada sustain adequate habitat for wildlife?

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